When considering any emergency, I find it helpful to consider the RULE OF THREE to prioritize my means and my energies. *We can live up to 3 minutes without air. *In extreme weather, we’ll be in trouble within 3 hours without shelter. *We can go up to 3 days without water. *Our bodies will start shutting down long before 3 weeks without food. Variables include age, weight, health, activity level, environmental conditions and type of food of course.
So with these priorities in mind – whether considering emergency scenarios – especially without POWER or fresh running WATER (both of which could go on several days), do you have plan in place? . . . . I live in Edmonton, Alberta and in the winter we can experience some pretty severe cold weather from time to time. To be without power during those times can be deadly, and yet it is precisely those times that we may have problems with our furnaces. Furnaces are not going to quit in the summer when they’re not being used, they’re going to quit in the winter when they’re being used daily, especially when it’s bitter cold outside. (sigh . . . . I know right?)
And if you don’t have heat in the winter, you will soon have a water problem as well. Regardless of the time of year, our water supply is precious yet volatile, always susceptible to restriction or contamination. It is worth protecting and having a clean supply on hand.
Rule of 3
AIR – not likely to be a problem UNLESS we need to provide an alternate source of heat, at which time improper ventilation becomes a concern. Carbon Monoxide is produced any time you burn fuel: in vehicles, stoves, lanterns, grills, fireplaces, gas ranges and furnaces. It is a very real, very scary thing – which can kill. *NEVER bring in an outdoor heat source or cooking stove. NEVER EVER. Those are not meant for indoors. link to my post THE NIGHT WE NEARLY WENT TO SLEEP FOREVER https://backyardcityhomestead.com/2018/12/13/the-night-we-nearly-went-to-sleep-forever/
SHELTER – This should give us pause to consider the circumstances of the many people without houses right now. Every day I hear about another death or two in the ‘tent cities’ in Edmonton. People just trying to stay warm in the most difficult situation. But if we’re sheltering in place during an extended power outage, there are things we need to take care of. With no heat, it will take only hours for the inside of your house to be the same temperature as the outside. If we don’t have an alternate source (fireplace or wood stove), we’ll need to leave the house in a short amount of time. Hopefully we’ve got a place in mind that we can go. We do – Right? And of course dressing for the weather is imperative.
Assuming we have a wood stove, lighting it when its really cold is not so easy. The low temperature in our chimney will force the cold air down creating a blockage – that prevents the smoke from escaping. Time to figure out how to light the fire and have it draw properly. Assuming that we’ve mastered that, we may find it a good idea to have everyone sleep in the room with the heat source. We have a Carbon Monoxide detector right? One that is battery run and fully charged. Right? Dressing for the weather is important IN the house too – sweaters, slippers, blankets . . .
WATER
– If we have to leave our home because of no heat, we must ensure the water is turned off and the lines are drained. Water will freeze in only hours and burst water pipes will cause terrible destruction. (don’t ask me how I know this) But even if we’re sheltering in place, there may be parts of our home that are at risk of freezing. It may be advisable to shut the water off anyway. We have another source of water in the house – Right?
If we only have one area that is warm, bring containers of water into that area to prevent them from freezing.
FOOD
We have more flexibility with this than anything else. For the short term, open up a can of pork and beans or make yourself a sandwich. (You have a hand operated can opener – Right?) Eat up some leftovers in the fridge – it could be lost within a day or two.
If the power outage goes on for more than a few days – your frozen food is in jeopardy. When its bitter cold, setting it all outside is an option – but that’s a terrible job! If the weather isn’t cold enough, we better be able to cook – or we’ll lose a lot! But that sounds like an arduous job too, and not very practical. I strongly advise AGAINST having your freezer contain the bulk of your food storage. Not a good idea at all, and this is exactly why. Having said that – I too have a freezer, and I use it. But depending on it alone for your food storage is a terrible idea.
Having some Meals in a Jar (MIJ) on hand will be a life saver if we have the ability to cook a one pot meal. They are nutritious, delicious, easy to prepare, and provide variety to meals that we’ll be glad to have. All we need is a pot, some water and a heat source. 15-20 minutes for most meals.
Instant freeze dried meals-in-a-pouch provide tasty and nutritious hearty meals with nothing more than added water. Excellent resource to have in your pantry or food storage. If you have the ability to heat the water, then all the better.
Always consider the RULE OF THREE and use it to measure every emergency when coming up with a game plan.
I am not going to put myself in the ‘Pro’ category with Water Storage, but we’re much better than we used to be, and we’re headed in the right direction. For most of my married life, water storage was on the back burner of my mind. There were so many other more, urgent things that needed to be taken care of. I filled a few jugs and stored them where I could find room. I rotated them infrequently and then mostly forgot about them. But still there was always this ‘needling’ in my conscience that we had not done due diligence where water was concerned. I think the reason I kept putting it off was because I didn’t have any real good plans for how to go about it. When we took our first real big step into storing a fairly good supply, I couldn’t believe what a load it was off my shoulders. I didn’t realize how much it had been bothering me, even weighing me down.
A couple of weeks ago I was having lunch with two friends and we discussed the Preparedness Challenge I had just completed. We were all committed to Food Storage in our daily lives already, so our discussion was open and equal. But at some point, one of my friends said “Wait! We have to store WATER too?” She literally took my breath away. Water? It is the stuff of life. In the RULE OF 3’s, we’d only survive 3 days without water, so yes! We need to store water. Mostly ‘drinking’ water. But we use water for every area of our lives – in our country, clean running water is probably the blessing we take most for granted.
According to the World Health Organization, 2.2 BILLION people in our world today do not have access to safe drinking water. To put that into perspective, that is 1 in 3 people! If you’re reading this, I am going to assume you’re one of the few who do. Not only do we have safe drinking water, but through some miracle of modern living, it comes straight to our houses! Out of a tap! Not only that, but I have 5 of those taps INSIDE my house and 2 of them outside my house! Truly, I am among the most blessed people in the world today. But wait! It gets shockingly better. If I want it, that water comes out of my tap HOT. I know right! And though I’m kind of embarrassed to admit it, we even wash our clothes, water our plants and garden, and flush our toilets with clean, pure drinking water.
4.2 billion people do not have safely managed sanitation services and 3 billion lack the basic ability to wash their hands in clean water. And you know what else? The scariest part of this whole conversation is that literally, in the blink of an eye – you and I could be in that group. Clean Water is precious, and 100% necessary for our health and well being. When my Aunt Dorothy was 15 years old, she died of Typhoid Fever. Typhoid fever is a life threatening infection caused by the bacterium Salmonella Typhi. You cannot see it or smell it, but it is usually spread through contaminated water or food. And yes, it is contagious. For me, the issue of clean water has always been personal. Dorothy Ileen Harrison was my dad’s older sister. He was 6 years old when she died. That is only a single generation away from me. A family tragedy. But she was not the only one. It was a community tragedy as the little prairie town of Magrath dealt with something they didn’t understand. A deadly disease caused by unsafe drinking water – here in Canada. That is what happens when water is compromised. Hence, our Day 2 Challenge was dealing with contaminated water.
During a water-related emergency or outbreak, we cannot count on the availability of safe drinking coming into our homes the way we’ve become accustomed to. It is critical to prepare for such an emergency by creating and storing a supply of water that will meet our family’s needs.
How much should we store?
3 days is the bare minimum to start with. We will need at least 1 gallon of water PER person PER day for drinking and the least amount of sanitation.
Once you have three days worth, go immediately to the next level of two weeks! That is 14 gallons per person. Let me do some math for you. If you have five people living in your house, that is 70 gallons of water. Do YOU have 70 gallons of clean water stored in your house? If not, it might be time to get serious about this. If you have pregnant or sick people in your house, or if you live in a hot dry climate, you might need more.
Wanna know what 70 gallons looks like? It’s more than 2 bathtubs full! Wanna know something else? Canadians have the distinction of consuming large quantities of water – more than TWICE as much water as Europeans. Now that’s not something to be particularly proud of, but there’s more. On average, a typical person in Canada consumes 335 litres of water DAILY. That’s the equivalent of 670 (500 ml size) water bottles, or 85 gallons! And no, we don’t drink all that. In fact, cooking and drinking only account for about 10% of that amount. Bathing and showering takes up 35% of it. Laundry and cleaning constitute 25% and flushing the toilet takes a whopping 30% of our water usage. We haven’t even talked about watering your plants or outside gardens or lawns. We use up a LOT of water. We’re accustomed to using a LOT of water. We like using a LOT of water.
How comfortable are we gonna be when we are rationed 1 gallon of water each, per day? I suggest, we try to get used to using a little less water daily. There are ways we can do this, but that will have to be another conversation for another day. Now that we’ve put things into perspective, let’s talk about properly storing water.
Don’t let the IMPORTANCE of water storage intimidate you. It is one of the easiest things you can store – so just do it.
What are our Options?
Unopened, commercially bottled water is a safe and reliable source of water in an emergency. But it can be pricey, takes up a lotta room and creates tremendous waste. And after a year, it doesn’t taste very good – just sayin’. Yes, even bottled water has a shelf life.
For drinking water, be sure to use only FOOD GRADE storage containers. Its okay to use various sizes. Water is heavy so don’t count on stacking them very high. Usually a stack of three similar sized containers is all you can count on .
Try to have a minimum size of 5 gallons. This size is manageable to carry and pour, and is also stackable.
For non drinking (sanitation or cleaning) water, you can use previously used jugs from laundry detergent, or bleach, or vinegar. Don’t use milk containers – they were never intended for long term storage.
Make sure your jugs have lids that close tightly.
Make sure they are of durable plastic, not metal, not glass.
Make sure they are something you can pour out of.
DO NOT USE containers that were previously used to hold liquid or solid toxic chemicals, such as pesticides.
“Sanitation and cleanliness are among the humblest of the civic virtues, and it is easy to underestimate their significance.” – Ram Nath Kovind
Don’t assume that your containers are clean enough when you buy them. The Center for Disease Control and Prevention recommends that before filling with water, follow these simple but important steps to clean and sanitize our water containers.
Wash the storage container with soap and rinse completely with water.
Sanitize the container with a solution made by mixing 1 teaspoon of unscented liquid household chlorine bleach in 1 quart (4 cups) of water.
Cover the container tightly and shake it well. Make sure the sanitizing bleach solution touches all inside surfaces of the container.
Wait at least 30 seconds and then pour the sanitizing solution out of the container.
Let the empty container air-dry before use.
Pour clean water into the sanitized container and cover it with a tight lid.
KEEPING IT CLEAN When taking water out of the container, always use a clean scoop or other container each time. Do NOT touch the water, or insides of the container with your hands.
Having CLEAN water in our homes will be a god-send after an emergency or disaster, as often times IF there is water available it may very likely be unsafe for use. If you suspect that your water is compromised, don’t use it to drink, brush your teeth, prepare food with, wash dishes, or wash your hands.
Follow recommendations from local governments for boiling or treating, but if in doubt – at least boil the water for 10+ minutes.
DO NOT DRINK water that has an unusual odor or color, or that you suspect might be contaminated with fuel or toxic chemicals. This water cannot be made safe – even by boiling, so you must find a different source of water for your needs.
BEGINNER level – starting from scratch!
5 tips for Beginners
Start with the basic amount – 3 days: 1 gallon (4 litres) per person per day. That means you want 3 gallons of CLEAN drinkable water for every person in your house. This is the barest, minimalistic amount. Buy suitable containers for this. Protecting the cleanliness of this water is of primary importance.
As soon as possible, transition to the next goal of 2 weeks. This is far more reasonable as far as need goes. You will still need 1 gallon per person per day, so we’re talking about 14 gallons of water for each person in your house.
Keep your goals manageable, but ever forward. Shoot for a month supply.
Set yourself budget that is affordable but forward moving to build up your water containers as you can afford them.
Your next level goal is to find other containers to store water that are suitable for non drinking/cooking water. Laundry jugs and bleach bottles for cleaning water.
Developing a water conscience. Start today to be more mindful of the water you personally consume and waste, and the amount your household goes through. Being more conscientious will help us be more respectful of the great blessing we enjoy, and to take it less for granted. It will also help us be less uncomfortable if we truly do have to conserve.
Where to put it? For a one month supply of water, you’ll have to be creative. If you’re in an apartment, perhaps behind your chesterfield, under a bed, or in a closet. If those with basements, that is preferable as they are generally cooler and the cement floor will be more forgiving of the weight of larger amounts of water.
INTERMEDIATE level – incorporate the basics and begin filling in the blanks
6 tips for Intermediates
Label DRINKING WATER, and give it the respect it deserves. It is the best of the best, the purest water you have. Protect it at all costs. It is your life line. Your ticket to good health.
Personal responsibility is key when it comes to something as precious as what water will be if we ever get to that point – god forbid. Consider assigning every person a 5 gallon bucket for the week. “This is YOUR water for the whole week.” Whatever that person drinks or brushes their teeth with will have to come out of that container. I expect there will be a lot more responsible use when individual consumption is obvious.
Insist that everyone drink at least 4 cups of water a day. That’s only one litre/quart. It’s a minimum. It will be tempting to skimp and drink less, with a ration mentality, but we’re talking about health, and if we’ve planned properly, it shouldn’t be a hardship. Safeguarding our personal health is critical in an emergency, high stress situation. We don’t want to complicate things with poor health.
Have another container dedicated to cooking for the family. This is ‘common’ water and it will go further with everyone using their own personal water appropriately.
Drinking water should be rotated every 6-12 months. If its been sealed, its not suddenly going to get contaminated, but it will go ‘stale’ and not taste good when it gets old. Dumping it out and replacing it is a onerous task, but its manageable. We used to bring our water out in the spring and use it for watering plants, but you can also dump it into a washing machine or even down the drain if hauling it upstairs is too much work.
Once you have your foundational supply of drinking water – let’s start talking about non-drinking water. Daily personal hygiene, and non daily sponge bathing or bucket showering. Our showering-every-day habit is going to take a back seat for awhile, but we still want to be clean. This kind of water doesn’t have to be in such guarded containers. Old laundry soap containers are strong and made to hold heavy liquid, so they’re the perfect choice for cleaning and laundry. These are still important facts of our lives, and cannot be ignored.
ADVANCED level
Time to ask yourself the next level questions. How’re you going to wash clothes? How’re you going to water your garden? When your garden is your lifeline, you WATER it. Toileting. The minimum amount of water your toilet uses is 1.6 gallons per flush. I promise you’re not going to want to use your precious stored water to flush down the toilet – no pun intended. So what else are you going to do? If you live in an urban area, outhouses are not a possibility, but toileting is a pretty important part of life. Well, there are options, but you don’t want your house smelling like an outhouse either. You’re gonna have to do some research and be open mindedly creative.
If our water source has been contaminated, it may be necessary to shut off the main water valve to our homes to prevent contaminants from entering pipes and contaminating what we already have on hand.
Possible sources of water if you don’t live in an urban area, are streams, rivers, and other ‘moving’ bodies of water, as well as ponds and lakes or natural springs. If you live near some of these, good for you ‘maybe’. These waters might be contaminated with livestock waste, human sewage, chemicals, and other contaminants which can lead to illness when used for drinking, bathing, and other hygiene activities. Know the water source closest to you, and be mindful of its condition. If you live in rural areas, keep in mind that during floods, well water might be contaminated as well.
Water from sources outside the home must be treated as described in Make Water Safe, to kill harmful germs. If you suspect or know the water is contaminated with toxic chemicals or fuels, it cannot be made safe and you should not drink or bathe in this water.
Ancient societies understood their dependence on water and figured out ways collect it and store it. Massive water cisterns to collect precious rain water for use in the dry months were not uncommon in central America.
5 tips for those who are more Advanced
Follow the examples that people of yesteryears, when it came to water. They recognized how important it was, but also how difficult it could be to have a steady source. Learn where your household’s available water is: toilet tanks (if the water is clear and not chemically treated with toilet cleaners), hot water tank etc. Learn how to conserve.
Collecting rain water for watering the garden is a very important part of producing food in our own back yards, and could make all the difference. Find a way have your eaves troughs empty into large drums. Rain water could be used for many non-drinking purposes, both indoors and outdoors. Do you have a pail that you could dedicate to bringing rain water into the house?
Plan to re-use water. ie: save the water you wash your hands in for washing laundry, floors or other things. Having short rehearsals about how these things can be done is a good idea.
Consider options for laundering clothes in home. A large ‘laundry’ tub and a way to agitate your clothes. Laundry is going to be less fussy than it is today, but it is still important.
Toilet. There are camping options – chemical toilets you can buy from camping stores. Keeping in mind that this is most likely going to have to be INside your house, is pretty important when you’re making a plan. I suggest a 5 gallon pail dedicated for this purpose. In it you should store heavy duty bags to line it with, toilet paper, hand sanitizer and cleaner. You can even buy small plastic toilet seats that will attach right to the pail rim.
Consider purchasing wood chips from either a farm supply store or a pet store. You’ll want to use these in your makeshift toilet to minimize odours. Things are going to look a lot different to be sure. This may be the way your family gets through every day – the part of history we seldom read about. But DON’T ignore this just because its unpleasant to think about. It will be a lot more difficult to deal with later if we don’t plan for it.
Preparedness is a Journey, and the journey is always more pleasant when you have a good support system. As always, I highly recommend you find a friend to share this journey with. Help each other, Encourage each other, Share resources and great finds with each other. Find classes that are offered in your community, designed to assist you in your preparedness – take them together if possible. Teach each other.
Find groups on social media that are dedicated to preparedness and helping one another. JOIN THEM. Especially if they’re local.
I’d love to hear where you are on your Water Storage Journey and I want to hear your tips. We learn so much better when we’re sharing. Mark your calendar for the 2nd week in January. Join the Challenge. Facebook group https://www.facebook.com/groups/676439330803075/ If you’re not on facebook, but would like to join the next challenge, let me know. I’ll send you the daily test alert in an email.
