The story of cereal grains is the story of humanity’s transition from nomadic life to one of settlement and agriculture. With the exception of people in the far north, every culture from time immemorial has their own cereal grain, depending on climate and soil conditions: wild grasses, nuts, and seeds gathered, then pounded into flour or roasted and eaten whole. The beginning of agriculture marked the end of dependence on foraging, and the need for constant travel searching for food. Family groups could afford to build more permanent homes and bigger numbers meant more hands in the fields, hence the need for more buildings in which to gather – permanent communities – civilization.
Why wheat?
WHEAT IS GOOD FOR YOU. There, I said it. Notwithstanding all the wheat haters out there and the anti-gluten people, for most of us, wheat is an excellent choice.1 Whole grain wheat is an excellent source of fibre, antioxidants, vitamins (particularly the B vitamins), minerals, and even protein. Almost 80% of its protein comes from ‘gluten’, (a large family of proteins) which is also responsible for the unique elasticity and stickiness of wheat dough, making it so desirable for bread making. 100 grams (3.5 ounces) of wheat contains 15 grams of protein! To put that into perspective, that’s about a quarter of the recommended daily amount of protein for the average 160 pound adult. Gluten can cause side effects in a small percent of people with conditions like celiac disease, IBS (inflammatory bowel syndrome), and gluten allergy, but most people eat it without any issues.
People who eliminate wheat from their diet by extension also avoid the excess calories in too much bread, pizza, junk food and desserts. Obviously one is going to feel healthier as well as experiencing weight loss, and this could cause one to mistakenly assume that wheat and other gluten containing foods are the culprit. To the contrary, wheat in its natural form fuels the body with essential nutrients and is associated with reduced risk of diabetes, heart disease, cancer and obesity. The secret is to avoid the excess oil and sugar that so often accompanies wheat flour in baking. Too much of anything is a bad idea.
2. Wheat is readily available in every part of the world. Wheat is a hardy and forgiving plant, growing in nearly every horticultural zone where there is sufficient moisture and fertile soil. It was cultivated anciently in Western Asia, (being found in archaeological excavations in present day Iraq), accepted now as one of the earliest known sites of agriculture. It was cultivated in Egypt as early as 4000 BC, and from there eventually spread throughout the Roman Empire and Asia. The Romans brought it to Europe where it grew exceptionally well, and 500 years ago the Spanish brought it to the New World. By the 1800’s wheat had literally travelled the world and was being cultivated on every inhabited continent. In 2023, the top ten wheat producing countries in order are: China, India, Russia, United States, France, Canada, Germany, Pakistan, Australia, and Ukraine. Generally Ukraine had been in the top five producers – their current production has suffered since the Russian invasion in February 2022. 2
Dan and I discovered wheat six months into our marriage. We were young and still ‘playing house’, but neither of us had ever used ‘wheat’ as a whole grain before (or probably even seen it if I was to be totally honest). Friends in our congregation were making a group purchase of wheat from the Peace River area, and they invited us to join. We decided we might as well jump into this ‘adult thing’ with both feet so we bought some. 10 bushels of hard red spring as I recall. Dan felt that if we were going to have wheat, we needed to figure out what to do with it, and I agreed. We assumed we could just ask those same friends, but was surprised to learn that most others didn’t feel the same compelling need ‘use’ it. It was after all, for ‘food storage’ – which evidently meant for some future undetermined time when we’d all be glad we had it. That didn’t make sense to us, so we started doing our research – pre internet and social media – the old fashioned way, books! And you might not be surprised to know that there weren’t that many books available on the subject either. A pamphlet in a health food store was the best we found for a long time, so it became a life long quest, with lots experiments. There didn’t seem to be any shortcuts.
“Almost all the wheat produced today for human consumption is used for the making of bread, but the very earliest farmers didn’t use it that way.”3 Evidence from early sites indicate that it was probably soaked and then cooked into a porridge of sorts.
While whole wheat is high in fiber — not surprisingly, refined wheat contains considerably less as the bran is removed during the milling process. That is true with every other good thing that wheat brings to the table.
Whole grain wheat kernels are called ‘berries’, and they are SEEDS, containing everything a new sprouting plant needs to be healthy, made up of three parts: – the protective outer layer: BRAN – the heart or ’embryo’ of the grain: GERM – the starchy middle layer intended to feed the sprouting new plant: ENDOSPERM
When the wheat berry is ground into flour, the bran gives it it’s familiar slightly brownish tint, and oil from the wheat germ is released. Its best to grind fresh, only what you can use in a few days because the wheat germ has a healthy fat that will go rancid if left too long. Pay attention to the ‘best before date’ on store bought whole wheat flour for best results. Better yet, grind your own.
This is precisely why it became desirable commercially to strip milled flour of its bran and especially its germ – which though rich in vitamins and minerals, has that volatile wheat germ oil. The yield is a more shelf stable product, but at a high nutritional cost. This is called UNBLEACHED white flour. BLEACHED flour is whiter than unbleached through a process that uses ‘bleaching’ agents like benzoyl peroxide or chlorine dioxide to break down the starches and proteins in flour, making it softer and more absorbent, but nutritionally void. Consequently bleached flour is regularly ‘ENRICHED’ with the replacement of more shelf stable vitamins – but don’t fall for that. Again, it’s a poor substitute for what it was in its freshly ground day.
So what is your best option for nutrition when it comes to wheat flour? In the order of nutritional and flavour superiority:
I have had this Grain Master for well over 20 years. It is my 3rd electric wheat grinder. It is the grandfather of the current Wondermill, which I highly recommend. As you can see, you can adjust the texture of your flour. I usually have it set on the finest, although in this picture it is set on the coarsest. THIS is some goofball grandson’s (or son’s) idea of a practical joke.
1. Freshly ground wheat. Not to be confused with whole wheat flour from the grocery store (that is not ‘freshly’ ground). This requires a wheat grinder or grain mill of course. 2. Unbleached flour. The only reason I skip the whole wheat flour at the store is because one doesn’t know how fresh it is (how long its been since that wheat germ oil has been released). The unbleached flour has the germ and bran removed true – but at least it hasn’t been bleached. 3. Whole wheat flour from the store. Look for a best before date and make sure you take it seriously. It is important you use it quickly before that oil goes rancid – you’ll know something’s off when the flour starts to smell bad. Once you’re familiar with a ‘rancid’ smell, you’ll recognize it for the rest of your life.
That’s it. Only three options. Don’t buy bleached flour – it’s not an option. And yes, there is cake flour with added salt and leavening added. I don’t have anything to say about that. I’ve never been tempted to buy it because its just another step along the processing journey and I usually avoid that trip if I can.
Personally, I prefer to grind my own flour, but when I want to lighten it up a little, I’ll add some unbleached. I have never purchased Bleached or Enriched white flour.
using the whole wheat berry
Flour is not the only way to enjoy the benefits of ‘wheat’. The healthiest way to enjoy whole grains of any kind is to eat them whole, and if you’re new to this exciting world of whole grains, wheat is a good gateway. Prepare to be delighted.
Cooking the whole wheat berry is easy enough, it just takes time. Don’t rush it. Take a chill pill and let it be what its gonna be. 1 part wheat + 3 parts water + a little salt. Bring to a boil and boil for a couple minutes, then cover, turn off the heat and leave it over night. The next morning, bring it back to a boil and gently simmer for 30 ish minutes, stirring once in a while to prevent scorching and testing for tenderness once the water has been absorbed.
Wheat Porridge Do yourself a favour and open your mind. Make a small batch the first few times – to get used to it. Its a whole new experience but its so GOOD FOR YOU, its worth the adventure. Best to start it the night before, give it time to soak. 1 cup wheat 3 cups water 1/2 teaspoon salt Bring to a boil, let it boil for a couple minutes, stir and turn heat off. Cover and let sit on the stove till morning. Bring it back to a boil and let it gently simmer for about half an hour or just a little bit longer. Stir every once in a while to ensure the water isn’t disappearing too fast – it should be on quite low. After 30 or so minutes, start testing for tenderness. When its pleasantly plumb and tender to chew, its done. Don’t be in a rush. Spoon about 1/4 cup into a bowl, drizzle a little honey over top and cover with your favourite milk. Enjoy.
Reserve some cooked wheat to keep in the fridge to add to other things during the week; you’ll love their sweet, nutty flavour and chewy texture.
Other ways to use cooked wheat berries
Salads:
Fall Kale Salad with Roasted Butternut Squash and Cranberries Kale 3 or 4 cups (measured after its stripped off the stalks) Butternut squash (or sweet potato) 1 Apple 1/4 – 1/2 cup cooked wheat 1/2 cup chopped parsley 2 green onions chopped 1/2 cup dried cranberries or cherries or raisins toasted walnuts 1/2 cup crumbled feta if you have it on hand Much of this can be made ahead and then set aside to be assembled just before serving.
*Peel butternut squash and cut into 1 inch pieces. Drizzle with olive oil and roast in baking dish till fork tender. Set aside. In the meantime, wash kale well and strip greens off stalk. Lightly chop, sprinkle lightly with salt and drizzle a tablespoon (at most) olive oil. Massage with your hands for 2 minutes, rubbing the oil into the leaves, transforming them into ‘tender’ leaves. Set aside. Toast 1/2 cup walnuts. Set aside.
To assemble salad in salad bowl: Start with chopped and massaged kale Sprinkle roasted butternut squash over top Sprinkle 1/2 cup dried berries over top Sprinkle 1/2 cup chopped fresh parsley over top Sprinkle 1/2 cup cooked wheat berries over top Drizzle apple cider vinaigrette over top, and serve.
*optional: arrange freshly sliced pears on the top for the perfect fall touch *optional: add fresh pomegranate seeds over top *optional: use hazelnuts or pecans instead of walnuts, or a combination of your choice *optional: candy the nuts ahead of time for a pleasant crunchy surprise *optional: use mixed greens instead of kale – switch it up depending on the season – tender greens like baby kale, spinach, baby lettuces and arugula.
Apple Cider Vinaigrette 1/2 cup apple cider vinegar 1 Tablespoon maple syrup 2 cloves garlic minced 1/2 teaspoon dijon mustard 1/2 teaspoon your favourite salt about same amount of freshly ground pepper 1/2 cup olive oil
OR Lemon Vinaigrette 1/2 cup fresh lemon juice 1 Tablespoon maple syrup 2 cloves garlic minces 1/2 teaspoon dijon mustard 1/2 teaspoon your favourite salt about same amount freshly ground pepper 1/2 cup olive oil
In small bowl whisk together everything but the olive oil till fully combined. Slowly add olive oil while continuing to whisk till fully emulsified. This will make enough for today’s salad, and a little extra to store in the fridge for tomorrow’s salad.
Basil Tomato and Corn Salad with Wheat 1 cup cooked wheat 1 cup chopped green onion 2 cups corn toasted in 1 Tablespoon olive oil (OR freeze dried toasted in olive oil and then refreshed with a little water) 2 cups cherry tomatoes quartered, or regular tomatoes diced 1/2 cup crumbled feta cheese 1 cup fresh basil chopped finely Combine all ingredients together except cheese and basil. Drizzle dressing over salad and toss, then sprinkle cheese and basil on top before serving.
Lemon Dressing: 3 Tablespoons lemon juice 3 Tablespoons olive oil 1/2 teaspoon mustard powder 1 teaspoon salt 1/2 teaspoon pepper whisk together
TABOULI (Tabouleh) pronounced ta-boo-lee Normally Tabouli is made with bulgur wheat (see below), but you can make it with whole wheat if you like too. Just make adjustments.
2. Soups and stews:
stir cooked wheat into the brothy soup during the last 20-30 minutes, or simmer dry wheat at the beginning of a long cooking soup. Garnish your butternut squash soup with a sprinkling of cooked wheat on top.
3. Casseroles or in a rice pilaf, or on top of Buddha Bowls or Poke Bowls:
On a base of cooked brown rice or quinoa – with any number of fresh toppings of vegetables, fruits and protein artfully arranged on top and drizzled with a light dressing.
4. Breads: Add a cup to your next batch of whole grain (or part whole grain) bread. Add a cup to your next batch of carrot muffins, carrot cake, apple cake, banana loaf . . . etc
5. Whole WHEAT Pancakes using the blender: you’ll be surprised and how light and tender this pancakes are. 3 cups milk 3 eggs 2 cups wheat (just wheat, dry and uncooked) 1/4 cup sugar (white or brown your choice) 1/4 cup vegetable oil 1 scant Tablespoon baking powder Pour milk and eggs into blender. Blend on high, then remove small cap on top to slowly add wheat while still blending. Add sugar, oil and baking powder, continuing to blend till smooth. Test your batter with a spoon. There should be no grit left in it – totally smooth. Spoon batter onto greased skillet and cook as you would any other pancake. Serve with syrup or fresh apple sauce.
5. Baked Wheat Pudding 2 cups cooked wheat (or cooked cracked wheat) I prefer whole wheat but it really doesn’t matter once they’re cooked 3 eggs 1/2 teaspoon salt 1/2 cup honey 1 teaspoon vanilla 3 cups whole milk 1/2 cup raisins nutmeg and cinnamon to sprinkle on top
Beat eggs, add salt, sugar and vanilla. Stir well. Add milk and stir until sugar is dissolved. Add wheat and raisins and stir well. Pour into a well buttered casserole dish and sprinkle with cinnamon and nutmeg. Bake at 325 degrees for about 15 minutes, then stir the pudding to keep the wheat from settling. Bake another 15 minutes and stir again. Bake another 30 minutes (to total approximately an hour) or until toothpick comes out clean. Serve plain or with cream, yogurt or ice cream.
Cracked Wheat
Cracked Wheat Porridge or Multigrain Porridge 1/2 cup cracked wheat 2 cups water dash of salt Bring to a boil, reduce heat and simmer slowly for 30+ minutes, stirring frequently to prevent sticking. When tender to the bite, remove from heat and serve with milk and honey.
Beat eggs till frothy; add salt, honey, vanilla and milk. Beat well. Add wheat and raisins and stir well to combine. Pour into a well buttered casserole dish and sprinkle the top with nutmeg. Cover with a lid or tin foil. Bake at 325 F for about an hour. After 15 minutes, stir the mixture again as the wheat will mostly have sunk to the bottom. Return to heat and continue to bake until the pudding is no longer runny. Remove the lid for the last 15 minutes to allow to brown on the top. Insert a toothpick to test for done-ness as you would for a cake.
Remove from the oven and allow to cool slightly. We used to serve it warm with cream or ice cream.
Bulgur Wheat
Bulgur is the fast food in the health food world: whole wheat that is par boiled and then dried and cracked. Because it is pre cooked and then dried, it rehydrates quickly making it very convenient with a mild, nutty flavour and chewy texture. It is a staple in middle eastern cooking and the key ingredient in Taboulleh (Tabouli) Salad.
Not to be confused with cracked wheat, while bulgar is cracked, it is partially cooked first. Bulgar comes in fine, medium and coarse texture . This shortens the cooking time – in fact it doesn’t need cooking, just soak it in hot water to soften it. Coarse bulgar could take up to half an hour, while medium and fine could take 15+ minutes.
Tabouli Salad 1 cup Hot water 3/4 cup medium bulgur wheat pour hot water over top bulgur wheat and set it aside rehydrate (about 1/2 hour).
When bulgur is tender and cooled, begin adding all the above and toss to combine: 1 medium cucumber, peeled and diced 1 medium tomato, diced 6 green onions, diced 1 medium pepper your choice of colour 1 cup (or more) washed and chopped fresh parsley small handful of finely diced fresh mint 1 teaspoon salt 1 teaspoon chili powder juice of 1 lemon, or 1/4 cup lemon juice 1/2 cup olive oil
Toss well and serve. Enjoy.
sprouting wheat
Super easy and very nutritious, sprouting is a great habit to get into, and great to do with kids. Use sprouted wheat (as with other grains and seeds) are great for salads, sandwiches and more.
Sprouted wheat is UNlike many seeds you may have sprouted in the past. Don’t expect it to look like bean sprouts or alfalfa sprouts – its in a league all of its own. Sprouted wheat is also sometimes referred to as ‘germinated wheat’.
Why sprout wheat? Because sprouting turns a grain into a ‘plant’ – for lack of a better term, a ‘vegetable’. Seeds contain enzymes; when they are sprouted they release their enzymes and the once dormant seed springs into life as a new ‘plant’. Enzyme inhibitors are a plant’s natural defense against degradation. When sprouting, grains are given the signal to neutralize these substances that can be hard on the human body. Vitamins increase, including Vitamin C. As the sprout begins taking energy from the endosperm, the changes that take place alter the carbohydrates, and it breaks down the gluten making it easier to digest for people who otherwise might have difficulty with wheat in general.
The tools are simple. There are a large variety of suitable sprouting containers, but to begin with, start with a simple wide mouth pint jar. When I sprout alfalfa or beans I use a quart jar, but you aren’t going to want that kind of quantity to begin with. You’ll need some kind of a lid to strain water from. A net or cheese cloth with an elastic band, or a screen inside a jar ring, or a plastic strainer made for this purpose.
Day 1: Put 1/2 cup whole wheat into a wide mouth pint jar and cover with plenty of water. Let it soak over night.
Day 2: Strain after 8+ hours and give a gentle rinse. Strain again and set it aside. Repeat again at the end of the day. The point is to never let the seeds dry out while you’re sprouting or they’ll die. By the end of day 2, you may already be seeing the beginning of little white sprouts on one end. Yay.
Repeat the rinsing and straining cycle twice every day. I set mine on the counter where it gets indirect sunlight.
Day 3: repeat rinsing and straining cycle. Day 4: By the end of this day your sprouts should be ready to use, for all the same purposes as you’d use softened cooked wheat but with the added benefit that THESE kernels are not cooked and are loaded with additional vitamins including vitamin C. They are very sweet.
This will be good in the fridge for 4 or 5 days, but don’t store it, USE it.
Wheat Sprout Apple Muesli – 2 servings 1 cup wheat sprouts 2 tablespoons liquid honey or maple syrup 1 cup vanilla greek yogurt (or plain yogurt with another tablespoon of maple syrup) 1 fresh apple diced 1/2 cup dried cranberries 1/4 cup sunflower seeds Mix all together and enjoy
Yes, you can dehydrate your sprouts and then grind them to make sprouted wheat bread. Make sure they’re VERY dry. It’s tempting to get all excited and try everything all at once. For now, my recommendation is to take a chill pill and start gradually trying things out before you go all crazy (like I did). If you’re going to make this a way of life, its gotta be sustainable. Slow and steady wins the race.
adding back the bran
Bran Muffins in separate bowl, cover 2 cups bran in with 3 cups buttermilk or whey. Stir to moisten all and set aside. In large bowl sift together: 3 cups freshly ground whole wheat flour 1 Tablespoons baking powder 2 teaspoons baking soda 2 teaspoons salt
in smaller bowl, cream together: 1 cup butter with 1 cup brown sugar and 1/2 cup molasses. Add 3 eggs and mix well between eggs. Pour sugar/egg mixture into dry ingredients and add moistened bran. Stir only to moisten. Pour into prepared muffin tins. – Bake 400 F for about 20 minutes. When done, remove from heat and let sit in tin to cool slightly before removing.
I hope you’ll give some of these recipes a try, and I hope you’ll start being creative in finding new ways to incorporate wheat into your every day life.
Let me know how it goes.
Warmly,
Cindy Suelzle
Those with gluten sensitivities may have to eliminate wheat from their diets, and those with celiac disease must avoid all gluten in any form. ↩︎
First of all, let me state for the record that I am a die-hard, back-to-basics kind of a cook in my own kitchen. I prefer everything homemade, and I’m not opposed to spending a lot of time on the creation of certain meals. I am not a fan of prepared meals or processed food, and normally I avoid ‘mixes’, at least commercial mixes. But I am also not willing to spend inordinate amounts of time or inconvenience if there is a homemade alternative that promises to shorten my kitchen time without compromising nutrition. Enter in all sorts of mixes, dressings and sauces to make my life easier.
Let me share some of my favourites that I think you’ll enjoy. Each recipe closes with my suggestions on: how to use it in a dish, how to store it, and how to use it up (when you have leftovers that you’re trying to use up). I hate wasting things.
I’m all about using FRESH foods in season, but will use preserved foods as long as nutritional value isn’t compromised. For this reason, I often use FREEZE DRIED options when I can. This serves three purposes: a) I ALWAYS have it on hand as it is very shelf stable having a shelf life of 25 years. With proper rotation, I can always count on it. b) Freeze dried produce is highly nutritious and I have found a company who’s standards are so close to my own, it was a natural fit. Thrive Life has a 40+ step process of ensuring the highest quality, and only after completing those 40 steps, do they put their iconic NUTRILOCK symbol on that item. They call that the NUTRILOCK guarantee. You’ll do well to remember this term. c) Freeze Dried food is exceptionally easy to handle, easy to refresh and delicious. I often refer to it as FRESHER than FRESH because it is picked ripe and flash frozen within 2-4 hours of harvest.
DRY MIXES
PANCAKE MIX a basic pancake mix generally contains flour, baking powder, sugar, salt, milk, egg and oil. The types of flour, sugar, milk, eggs and oil are up to you, but for the purpose of a shelf stable mix in my pantry I use certain ones. Flour – if making from scratch, I always prefer freshly ground whole wheat flour, but whole wheat flour has wheat germ oil in it and is best if used fresh. So for a pancake mix I use UNBLEACHED flour. Actually I only ever buy unbleached flour – as opposed to all purpose flour which is ‘bleached’. All purpose flour goes through a chemical process to make it white, and that alone is enough for me to not use it. Yes I know it’s cheaper, and more common, in fact sometimes I can’t find unbleached flour, but the few dollars more and the inconvenience of looking for it is worth it to me. Baking powder – is a leavening agent, and it’s the secret to fluffy pancakes. Sugar – just a tablespoon of sugar is all you’ll need for subtly sweet pancakes. Salt – a pinch will always enhance the flavour Milk – as opposed to water or juice, adds moisture and richness to pancakes. Eggs – add more moisture, richness and helps bind the batter together. Butter or Oil – adds richness, moisture and produces a lighter, more flavourful result
Mix: 15 cups unbleached flour 1/2 cup + 2 T baking powder 2 cups white sugar 1 1/2 T salt 1 1/2 cup Thrive Life Scrambled Egg Mix 3 cups Thrive Life Instant Milk powder
Store mix in a large container with a tight fitting lid. Should be shelf stable for up to a year.
to prepare pancakes: 2 cups mix 1 + 1/2 cup water 1/4 cup oil mix oil and water, pour into dry mix and stir only till moistened. Makes 10 – 4 inch pancakes
Annie and me in the kitchen in the morning
BISCUIT MIX
6 cups flour (you do you, but I always use unbleached flour for mixes) 1 cup shortening powder or butter powder 2 Tablespoons baking powder 1 T salt 1/2 t baking soda 1/2 cup sour cream powder Whisk all together till thoroughly combined.
Store mix in a large air tight container in a cool dry place for up to 4 months. This is because of the shortening powder. If you use the butter powder, you can extend that up to 6 months.
to prepare biscuits: 3 cups mix 1 cup milk Stir only till moistened. Roll lightly on floured board till 1/2 inch thick. Cut with biscuit cutter or knife. Bake 425 F oven 8-10 minutes
CORNBREAD MIX recipe makes 2 gallon sized cans (#10 cans) 6 cups cornmeal 3 cups Thrive Instant Milk (yes, it really IS better than any other milk powder you can buy) 8 cups flour (I always used unbleached) 1/2 cup baking powder 1 Tablespoon salt 3 cups sugar * 1 cup sour cream powder(not necessary, but adding it makes it nicer and more cake like) 1 cup Thrive Scrambled Egg Mix (freeze dried eggs, and yes, this brand is the BEST tasting eggs out there. I am inserting a video below of my brother and sister who could not tell the difference between it and FRESH eggs gathered the morning of) Whisk all these powders together completely and store in a marked jar in your pantry.
To use for a batch . . . . preheat oven to 350 degrees F 4 cups mix 1 + 2/3 cup water 1/3 cup vegetable oil Add oil to water and pour into the dry ingredients. Stir to moisten all. Set aside for 3-5 minutes to moisten cornmeal. If you need to add a little more water, do so to get the consistency you prefer. Pour into a greased 9×13 pan and bake for approximately 40 or until center bounces back when touched. Remove from heat and allow to cool for 20 minutes before cutting into it. * We really like cornbread waffles. Pour 1 cup batter into HOT and slightly oiled waffle iron. Cook for 4-5 minutes before removing. Perfect to serve alongside a bowl of chili or taco soup, or homemade tomato soup.
HOMEMADE INSTANT OATMEAL PACKS This almost seems blasphemous to me, because nothing is as wholesome as a bowl of old fashioned oatmeal, but there are times (like when you’re camping) that the kids would like instant oatmeal. I confess that I buy instant oats for lots of other things, and there IS a convenience that I appreciate. I just don’t like all the sugar in the commercially boughten packs, so when I make them up for the kids, (another confession), I add 1/4 cup regular quick oats to their bowl. They don’t seem to notice and it makes me happier. Instant oatmeal is also a great after school snack – nutritious and satisfying. So buy yourself a bunch of small 1/2 pint jars and make some up. in each jar layer: 1/2 cup quick oats 2-3 T Instant Milk powder (Thrive Life is the BEST) 1 T brown sugar or honey granules or your choice of whatever you use *optional: your favourite ‘additive’ – raisins, freeze dried peaches, apples, mangoes, apricots, or blueberries, crumbled cranberries raspberries, blackberries, or whatever you like. Or nothing at all.
Store them in little baggies, or jars. That’s it! To make your oatmeal, pour each package into a bowl, add 1 cup boiling water and stir. Give it a couple of minutes to thicken up and ENJOY. * Consider: mixing up a whole quart of instant oatmeal with quick oats, powdered milk and brown sugar. When you want to make a bowl, shake up the jar (as the milk and sweetener may have settled), and scoop out 3/4 cup. Add your own fruit if you want, then boiling water. How does it get any easier? STORE in your pantry for 6 months to a year – depending on whatever fruit you may have added.
BASIC WHITE SAUCE or CREAM SOUP BASE
2 cups Thrive Life Instant Milk powder (you’ll be disappointed if you use any other brand of powdered milk because not a one tastes as good as Thrive Life’s – just sayin’) 1 cup Thrive Life Sour Cream Powder 1 heaping Tablespoon of Thrive Life’s Chef Choice Seasoning or your favourite seasoning 2 cups Cornstarch 1/3 cup Thrive Chicken Bouillon (or your favourite powdered Chicken bouillon) 1/2 cup Thrive Life freeze dried Chopped Onions. You cannot substitute dehydrated onions, unless you powdered them first in a blender 1 teaspoon black pepper
Sift together all dry ingredients till completely mixed and store in a air tight container. I double the recipe and Store in 3 glass quart sealing jars for about a year.
To use for white sauce: Whisk 1/2 cup into 2 cups water. Bring to a boil whisking all the time to prevent lumping. Reduce heat and simmer gently 3-5 minutes till nicely thickened. To use for base of cream soup: I prepare the same way, and just slowly whisk into your soup.
I love to make cream soups by preparing the white sauce, adding milk or broth and then adding freeze dried vegetable crumbles or powder. Lightly simmer for a few minutes to soften the vegetables and till you’ve reached the desired consistency. Cream of Tomato Soup – whisk in a Thrive Life Tomato Powder (approx 1 T per cup of soup) Cream of Mushroom Soup – saute some fresh mushrooms in butter (mmm), then add to the prepared sauce. OR add some Thrive Life freeze dried Mushroom pieces and some mushroom powder from the bottom of the can. Cream of Celery Soup – add some finely diced fresh celery and simmer long enough for them to become tender to the fork and share their flavour. OR add some Thrive Life freeze dried chopped celery. I crush these pieces up in my hand because I like smaller pieces. If there is any powder at the bottom of the can, throw that in too – its loaded with flavour. Cream of Chicken Soup – add Thrive Life freeze dried Chopped Chicken and some powder from the bottom of the can. Cream of Asparagus Soup – add Thrive Life freeze dried Asparagus and some powdered asparagus from the bottom of the can. Cream of Broccoli Soup – add Thrive Life freeze dried Broccoli and some broccoli powder from the bottom of the can. Maybe add some shredded cheddar if you want. The list goes on – you can make whatever cream soup you want. recipe link
SEASONING MIXES
Homemade Taco Seasoning 4 T Chili Powder 3 T Cumin Powder 1 T Smoked Paprika 2 teaspoons EACH salt, garlic powder, onion powder 1 teaspoon black pepper 1/2 teaspoon crushed red pepper flakes – this combination will give you approx. 3/4 cup seasoning. I usually use 1 T at a time, in most recipes. Don’t be afraid to try new combinations of your own.
Curry Seasoning Combination(I try to have 2 small jars of this combination in my cupboard at any given time so I don’t have to dig every ingredient out to make it up for a recipe) 1 t garam masala 2 t chicken bouillon powder 1 t black pepper 1 t cumin 1 t ginger powder 1 t paprika 1 T curry powder 1 T turmeric * 1 t cayenne powder IF you like it a little spicy 3 T tomato powder (OR substitute in 1/4 cup tomato paste when making up the recipe) 1 T brown sugar layer seasoning in small (1 cup size) jar. Put the lid on tight, label with recipe name, and set aside to have ready.
CURRY COCONUT CHICKEN This recipe is very similar to traditional “Butter Chicken”, a chicken curry dish that is so popular outside of India, it is sometimes mistakenly believed to be a western invention. It was however, originally created by the chef at Moti Mahal restaurant in Delhi in 1947. Although it’s name Murgh Makhani translates to “chicken butter”, its name has less to do with butter and more to do with how much yogurt and butter are used in its original recipe. There are probably as many variations as there are Indian moms or restaurants, but this one uses coconut milk and is a favourite in our house. When you use freeze dried produce, it takes less than 10 minutes to put together.
Recipe for Curry Chicken (using freeze dried vegetables OR substitute fresh): 1 1/2 cup freeze dried chicken pieces OR equal amount cooked chopped chicken 2 cups water (OR if using regular chicken, only 1 cup water) 1/4 cup olive oil 1/4 cup freeze dried sliced onions 2 T freeze dried garlic OR 2 cloves garlic minced 1/2 cup freeze dried peas 1/4 cup freeze dried diced green chilis 1/2 cup freeze dried green peppers 1/2 cup freeze dried red peppers 1/2 cup freeze dried zucchini spice mixture above 2 cans coconut milk – cooked rice to serve it over –
Directions: Cover freeze dried chicken in 2 cups warm water and set aside to refresh for about 15 minutes. Cook rice, set aside. In the meantime, prepare everything else – having it ready to add one right after the other. Heat oil in large skillet over medium heat. Sauté onions and garlic till aromatic, stirring all the time to prevent scorching. Add chicken and remaining water, continuing to stir. Add vegetables one at a time, stirring all the while. Add seasoning mix and stir to completely blend in. Add coconut milk and stir to completely till all is blended perfectly. Let simmer till all is heated through. Serve over rice.
FRESH MAYO and Salad Dressings
FRESH MAYO Not only is fresh mayo a great alternative if you run out of the more ‘shelf stable’ mayonnaise from the store, but it can be a game changer in terms of flavour and texture. And its so easy to whip up (in 5 minutes) you may wonder why were so dependent on the store bought version all your life. You can expect it to last about two weeks in the fridge.
In its basic form, mayonnaise is an “emulsification” oil into other ingredients, but it helps to understand the process. Emulsification happens when two substances that don’t want to mix are forced to mix. In the case of mayo, oil is emulsified into a mixture of lemon juice or vinegar, mustard, egg, and salt by whisking it in drop-by-drop at the very beginning—and vigorously. The droplets of oil become tiny enough, and evenly suspended in the liquid creating a creamy, almost fluffy texture.
There is much opportunity for slight flavour variations in mayonnaise. 1) ACID – You choose the type of acid you want: lemon/lime juice or whatever vinegar you prefer (white, apple cider, herb infused vinegars . . . ). You will get different flavoured mayo in the end. It doesn’t take much acid, so you can be brave and experiment with different kinds to find different flavours. Perhaps in the beginning while you’re still getting the ‘hang of it’, stick to a plain white vinegar or lemon juice, and then go from there.
2) OIL is what make mayonnaise – MAYONNAISE, but you get to choose what kind. For a neutral flavoured mayo use neutral flavoured oils like canola or vegetable. For a richer, more flavoured mayo, use olive oil. Or use another oil if you have a favourite, or use a combination.
3) SEASONING is not necessary but nice. Use it or not. I like pepper, but if you want a pure white mayo then use white pepper. You can also use dried chiles, ginger, paprika, garlic, chives, a dash of sesame oil, . . . no end to the possibilities. For a standard all purpose mayonnaise, I just use pepper, but a little more than you might. If you use a lot of mashed garlic, your mayo becomes something wonderful called AIOLI.
recipe: 1 large egg 1 T lemon juice or vinegar (your choice – remember) 1/2 t dry mustard 1/4 t salt 1/8 t pepper 1 cups oil Combine the first five ingredients in a blender, turn on high and begin adding oil SLOWLY in a steady steam, turning off blender to scrape down sides once or twice if necessary during the process. Stop blending as soon as mixture is fully emulsified and thick. Makes just over 1 cup mayonnaise. Store in refrigerator. Personally, if I’m going to go to the trouble, of washing my blender, I’m going to double this recipe and end up with about 2 1/2 cups mayo, especially if I know I see dishes like potato salad, tuna sandwiches, or toasted pesto mayo tomato sandwiches in my immediate future. Store – You can expect it to last about 2 weeks in the fridge so plan accordingly. link to recipe
HOMEMADE SALAD DRESSINGS
Yes there’s something to be said about the convenience of store bought salad dressings, but really – try buying a few different vinegars instead and make your own. It is SO easy to make your own salad dressings at home – you’ll wonder why you ever thought you needed to buy them. The benefits are taste, and control over all the ingredients – simple, whole food. That’s what its about. Nothing you can’t pronounce. Make them as you go and then they’re always fresh. 🙂
ASIAN SALAD DRESSING 1/4 cup soy sauce 3 T sesame oil 2 T honey 3 T rice vinegar 2 t freshly grated ginger root 2 cloves garlic minced 1-2 T lime juice sprinkle sesame seeds over top the salad can Store in fridge for a week
SESAME GINGER SALAD DRESSING 3 cloves garlic minced 1 3inch piece of fresh ginger root (peeled and grated) 1/4 cup mayonnaise 1/3 cup rice vinegar 1/4 cup sesame oil salt and pepper Toss dressing into salad. Top with toasted pumpkin seeds and sesame seeds. can Store in fridge for a week Salad: 1/2 small cabbage finely sliced or chopped about half as much fresh kale finely chopped 4-6 small Persian cucumbers coarsely chopped or 1 large English cucumber 1 or 2 peppers (your choice of colour) coarsely chopped
TACO SALAD DRESSING 1 cup sour cream 1/2 cup mayo 1 cup tomato salsa 1/2 t chili powder Stir with a spoon and chill till ready to serve on top of Taco Salad. can Store in fridge for a week Salad: romaine lettuce – large chunks of tomatoes and cucumbers – black beans – taco flavoured ground beef – shredded cheddar – tortilla chips
variation to use in a fajita rice bowl: I use the sour cream and mayo to make a nice light white dressing that cools the hot chili spice. I add the salsa on top of it for extra flavour, colour and zip. In this picture, I have drizzled a little candied jalapenos (Cowboy Candy) over top.
RED RASPBERRY POPPYSEED DRESSING 1/2 cup raspberry vinegar 2 T sugar 1 t salt 1 t dry mustard 1/4 cup water 1/2 onion finely chopped (I use 1/4 cup Thrive freeze dried chopped onions) 2 T honey Blend all ingredients EXCEPT RASPBERRIES AND POPPY SEEDS in blender. Pour into serving container. Add 1 cup fresh raspberries (I used 1 cup Thrive freeze dried raspberries) 1 t poppy seeds. Gently stir to blend berries and seeds throughout and serve. can Store in fridge for a week.
Homemade BALSAMIC VINAIGRETTE (I love the powerful taste of dark balsamic vinegar – it stands alone) 1/2 cup olive oil 1/4 cup balsamic vinegar juice of one lemon (2-3 Tablespoons) 2 cloves of garlic minced 1 T honey salt and pepper Put all ingredients except salt and pepper into a pint mason jar with a lid. Shake well till honey dissolves. Taste, then decide if you want to put in about 1/4 t salt and 1/4 t pepper. Shake again. Taste again. This makes about a cup, but will Store in the fridge for a week or two so make a bigger batch if you want. Just shake it up when you want to use it again.
Substitute the olive oil for TAHINI to make it creamy and rich. Add 2-3 Tablespoons of water if it’s too thick.
Tahini is ground toasted sesame seeds similar in texture to peanut butter, in fact, it is sometimes used as a substitute for peanut butter. Rich is protein and trace minerals it is a healthy addition to add to your salad dressings.
CURRY TAHINI DRESSING 1/2 cup tahini 1/4 cup olive oil Juice of 2 lemons (about 1/3 cup) 1/4 cup water 1 T honey 2 cloves garlic minced 1-2 teaspoons curry powder (start with lesser amount then taste test before adding more) 1/4 – 1/2 teaspoon ginger (start with lesser amount then taste test before adding more)
Whisk in pint bottle till honey is dissolved.
RHUBARB SALAD DRESSING 1 cup apple cider vinegar 1/3 cup honey 1 cup vegetable oil – your favourite 1/2 cup finely chopped fresh garlic chives – or regular fresh chives if you don’t have them 1 cup finely chopped rhubarb Whisk the vinegar, honey and oil together to totally dissolve the honey. Add chives and garlic and mix well. Set aside for at least an hour to combine flavours. Stir as you serve to keep garlic and chives incorporated throughout. can Store in fridge for a week
BUTTERMILK RANCH DRESSING 1 cup buttermilk* 2/3 cup mayo 2/3 cup sour cream 1 clove garlic minced 1 T minced onion or Thrive freeze dried chopped onion 1 T chopped fresh chives 1 T fresh or frozen dill greens 1 T chopped fresh parsley or half that dried parsley crumbled 1/2 t each: salt and pepper Mix all ingredients and let sit 30 minutes before serving. Reduce buttermilk to 2/3 cup to make ranch dip. Store in the fridge for up to a week.
*making buttermilk from Thrive Instant milk powder is easy. 1/4 cup Thrive Instant milk powder 3 Tablespoons of vinegar or lemon juice 1 cup water Mix well and let stand for 5 minutes. Use in a recipe as you would buttermilk.
AVOCADO LIME DRESSING 1 avocado 1/2 cup sour cream (I use Thrive sour cream powder) 2 T mayo 2 T lime juice or 1 T limeade powder 1/2 t salt 1/2 cup water Add everything to the blender Dressing perfect for salad or for Chili Lime Chicken Tacos can Store in fridge for a week
CILANTRO LIME DRESSING 1 cup cilantro 1/2 cup plain yogurt 1 clove garlic minced 1 T apple cider vinegar 1/4 cup olive oil 1/3 cup mayo 1/4 t salt 1 T Thrive freeze dried chopped onions OR 1/2 teaspoon onion powder juice of 1 lime Puree in blender. Chill till ready to serve. can Store in fridge for a week
LIME VINAIGRETTE 1/2 cup cilantro 3 T olive oil 2 T apple cider vinegar juice of 1 large lime 1/2 t each: salt, cumin, chili powder, black pepper 1 lg clove garlic 1 T tomato powder Puree in blender till smooth. Chill till ready to serve. can Store in fridge for a week
Savoury Sauces, Salsas, Dips and Spreads
TERIYAKI SAUCE 1 cup water 1/4 cup soy sauce 1/4 cup brown sugar 2 T honey 1/2 teaspoon powdered ginger 1 garlic clove minced OR 1/2 teaspoon garlic powder
2 T cornstarch mixed into a slurry with 1/4 cup cold water and set aside
Combine everything except cornstarch slurry into a small sauce pan. Bring to medium heat and whisk ingredients till thoroughly combined. Slowly add cornstarch slurry whisking constantly till its thickened to desired consistency. Use as you would any other teriyaki sauce. Make ahead and Store in a glass jar in the fridge for 4-6 weeks.
HOISIN SAUCE Hoisin sauce is a thick, dark, fragrant sauce commonly used in Chinese cooking, in a stir fry, or as dipping sauce for Asian dumplings. Lots of different recipes – give this one a try. 1/2 cup soy sauce 2 T dark molasses 2 T honey 1 T toasted sesame oil (darker and more flavourful than regular sesame oil) 2 T rice vinegar 1/4 cup peanut butter 3 cloves garlic finely minced 2 T sriracha sauce or your favourite hot chili sauce 1/2 t black pepper 1 T miso paste 1/4 cup water with 1 T cornstarch made into a slurry
Directions: In a small saucepan over medium high heat, whisk together everything except cornstarch slurry. When sauce is bubbling, whisk in cornstarch slurry continuing to stir and simmer till it begins to thicken. When it is the desired consistency, remove from heat. Makes almost 2 cups. Pour into a pint jar and allow to cool. STORE in fridge for 4-6 weeks. Use it to glaze salmon, ribs, chicken, shrimp – a little goes a long way as it is highly concentrated.
SWEET AND SOUR SAUCE Sweet and sour sauce is a exactly what its name suggests: sweet AND sour. Many people use a splash of red food colouring to give it it’s signature red colour. Don’t do that! Use my secret ingredient to get a full bodied flavour, and an all natural, gorgeous red colour.
I grew up on sweet and sour meatballs or short ribs – complete with food colouring. It was the way of things in those day. You could go out and buy a bottle if you crave that food colouring, but it’s SO easy to whip up your own. It tastes better. is free of all those nasty “unpronounce-ables”, and it’s cheap. Great to use as a Dipping sauce for ribs, egg rolls, and dumplings. Great to serve your meatballs in, or to even add to your pulled pork dish. Great to use in your stir fried vegetables and chicken over rice. Great to use as a glaze when grilling chicken pieces, hamburgers or porkchops. Great to even use as a pizza sauce for an Asian twist. Be creative.
In small saucepan, dissolve 1/2 cup brown sugar in 1 cup pineapple juice Bring to a boil, then reduce heat. Create a cornstarch slurry with 1 1/2 Tablespoon cornstarch and 2 Tablespoons water. Pour into the pineapple juice and stir while it simmers and begins to thicken. Add 3 Tablespoons of *TOMATO POWDER* and continue stirring to completely dissolve. Add 2 Tablespoons soy sauce and 1/2 cup rice vinegar, continuing to stir. When its the perfect consistency, turn the heat off and serve!
Pour into a pint jar and allow to cool. Makes almost 2 cups. STORE in fridge for 2-4 weeks.
TZATZIKI Tzatziki is a creamy cucumber yogurt dip made from simple ingredients including thick yogurt, cucumbers, garlic and fresh herbs. It is primarily used as a dip or a topping. Traditionally of course, fresh cucumbers are used, but I most often use freeze dried cucumber dices. Makes it so much easier! If you’re using fresh cucumber it needs to be grated and strained so get to that right away. * 1 medium cucumber finely shredded, tossed in 1/2 t salt. Set in colander to drain about 30 minutes. Squeeze excess moisture out as much as you can. Set aside. I skip this step entirely because I use Thrive Life freeze dried diced Cucumbers. Start with 1/2 cup and add more as desired one T at a time so you don’t add too much.
1 1/2 cup Greek yogurt (or another nice thick plain yogurt) 1 T lemon juice or 1/2 t Thrive lemonade powder 2-4 T fresh dill chopped (I freeze fresh chopped dill in the summer and use all winter long) 1-2 cloves garlic minced 1/4 teaspoon black pepper * if you’re not using the fresh salted, strained cucumbers, add 1/4 teaspoon salt 1 T olive oil Mix everything except cucumbers. Add at the end and gently toss cucumbers in. Set in the fridge for an hour or so to blend flavours. Can Store in the fridge for several days; if you’re using freeze dried cucumbers, it will keep up to a week.
HOMEMADE KETCHUP It’s ironic that in most cases, condiments were homemade at first, and then commercially reproduced to taste as close to homemade as possible. Not really possible – but we become so accustomed to it that we now try to make the homemade version taste like commercial. How backwards is that? The homemade version is all about natural flavours and ingredients. Super easy, and tastes so much better than commercial if FRESH tasting is important to you.
1 c. *Tomato Powder 3 1/2 c. water 1/3 c. honey or sugar – your choice 1/2 c. Cider Vinegar 2 tbsp. THRIVE freeze dried Chopped Onions 1 tsp. salt 1/2 tsp. garlic Powder 1/2 tsp. black Pepper 1/2 tsp. dry Mustard 1/8 tsp. ground Allspice
directions: In a medium sized pot combine all the ingredients. Stir to mix and bring to a boil, continuing to stir frequently. Reduce heat and gently simmer, stirring frequently till ketchup reaches the perfect consistency for you. Expect that to be about 45 minutes – depending on thickness desired. Pour into glass jar and refrigerate. , continuing to stir frequently. Reduce heat and gently simmer, stirring frequently till ketchup reaches the perfect consistency for you. Expect that to be about 45 minutes – depending on thickness desired. Pour into glass jar and refrigerate. Mine yielded 2 pint jars. Best to let it sit for a day to allow flavours to fully blend. STORE 2 – 3 weeks in the fridge. Use as you would normally use regular ketchup.
PLUM SAUCE 1 1/2 pounds fresh plums, pitted and chopped 1/3 cup apple cider vinegar 1/3 cup brown sugar 2 T soy sauce 2 cloves garlic minced 1-2 T grated fresh ginger or 1-2 teaspoons ginger powder 1/2 t red pepper flakes (optional) Put all together in medium sauce pan, bring to boil over medium heat. Reduce heat to low and simmer 25 minutes till sauce is thickened slightly. Puree if desired (I don’t. I prefer the chunky texture but I know some like it smooth) Store: without canning, it will be good in your fridge for about a week. I highly recommend multiplying the amount if you have a good source of plums, and canning in pint jars. Process 15 minutes in a hot water bath for pints. Once canned, label and date the jars; Store for about a year.
CHEESY BUFFALO CHICKEN DIP I could never figure out what made hot chicken wings “buffalo chicken wings”. Didn’t make any sense. I kept thinking there’s gotta be a good reason, but in the end, it’s stupidly simple. The hot sauce gets its name from it’s origin: the Anchor Bar in, you guessed it – Buffalo, New York. So why don’t they call it Anchor Sauce? Who knows? 2 cups shredded cooked chicken (I use Freeze Dried chopped chicken refreshed) 3/4 cup of your favourite hot sauce 2 – 8 oz packages of cream cheese, cubed 1 cup ranch dressing (I use 1 cup Thrive Life Sour Cream powder with 1/2 cup water) 1 1/2 cup shredded cheddar (I use the same amount of Freeze Dried Cheddar refreshed)
Skillet method: In large skillet over medium heat, pour hot sauce and add chicken. Stir to coat evenly and heat through. Add cream cheese cubes and ranch dressing. Cook to melt cheese, stirring occasionally. Lower heat and cook till hot and bubbly. Slow cooker method: Add all the ingredients into slow cooker set on medium. Stir occasionally to keep from scorching until all is blended, cheese is melted and sauce is hot and bubbly – aprox 45 minutes. Serve with a loaf of crusty sour dough bread or fresh vegetable wedges. Can Store in fridge for a week.
SPINACH DIP Personally, I choose NOT to add any seasoning to this dip because I don’t want it to over power the subtle taste of spinach (which I love). But you do you. If you have a favourite seasoning, then go ahead and use it. 2 – 8 oz packages of cream cheese 1 cup sour cream (I use 1 cup Thrive Life sour cream powder + 1/3 cup water) 1 cup mayonnaise optional – 1/2 cup freeze dried chopped onions (you won’t see the onions but you’ll get their wonderful taste) OR 2-4 chopped green onions lots of Spinach slight steamed and wilted, then chopped and strained (make sure you get all the liquid out of it). I used Freeze Dried Spinach straight from the can. A LOT easier and more nutritious than store bought spinach.
Blend the cream cheese with hand mixer till smooth and creamy. Add sour cream continuing to blend till completely mixed. Add mayonnaise, mixing the whole time till completely combined and smooth. I add spinach a cup at a time, mixing with a spoon. The steamed chopped spinach will be wet of course, the freeze dried spinach (my preference by far) will be dry. I add as much spinach as I can, judging by texture, colour and personal preference. I don’t want it to get too dry, but if I’ve added too much FD spinach, I simply add a little water to moisten. Can Store in fridge for a week.
PEANUT SAUCE (for Spring Rolls) 2/3 cup peanut butter 1/4 cup T rice vinegar 1/4 cup soy sauce 1/4 cup liquid honey 2 T sesame oil 4 cloves garlic minced 1/4 – 1/3 cup water (start with 1/4 cup and add a little more if needed Whisk together to make creamy but dip-able sauce. Can Store in fridge for a week.
*I use this sauce to pour over or as a dip for Spring Rolls, but the truth is – I could eat it by the spoon its so good. I may have done that from time to time. Spring rolls can seem intimidating, but you’ll get the hang of it quickly and be a pro in no time. It’s kinda like folding a burrito but tighter. The first few won’t be perfect, but don’t stress out – you’re just gonna eat ’em anyway. *BONUS – Spring Roll recipe filling: thin rice noodles, finely shredded: lettuce, cabbage, carrot; long thin cucumber wedges; chopped green onions, fresh cilantro and fresh mint. Small amount of sesame oil and little bit of salt. Cook noodles in boiling water for 2-3 minutes. Test. DON’T over-cook. Drain and rinse immediately in cold water. Drain again. OR soak them in warm water (not cold, not hot) for 10-15 minutes till softened. Drain and rinse in cold water. Drain again. Toss 2 T sesame oil over top and 1 t. salt to keep from sticking together. Set aside. *hint: have everything ready to go so that you can focus on the rice paper and folding. wrapper: Rice Paper Sheets building the rolls 1- lay a round rice paper sheet one at a time in a pie plate of cool water – 10-20 seconds till pliable. Lay on a clean tea towel and place a few pieces of lettuce about one-third from the bottom of the wrapper. You want to leave a couple inches open on the two sides for wrapping. 2 – Add remaining ingredients in whatever order you prefer, but I like to do – lettuce, cabbage, carrots, green onions, topped with a couple wedges of cucumber and then sprinkled with the chopped herbs . Leave the top third of the wrapper open for wrapping. 3 – Gently pull the bottom of the wrapper up and over the filling. Try to keep the filling as tight as you can as you roll upwards, until the filling is enveloped. Pull the sides over to enclose the filling completely. Continue rolling till fully wrapped. The more you do, the tighter they’ll get. You may have to eat the first one to get rid of the evidence of it.
Salsas and PESTOS
MANGO CUCUMBER SALSA with LIME 2 cups Thrive Life freeze dried mangoes OR fresh mango diced 2 cups Thrive Life freeze dried cucumbers OR fresh cucumber diced 1 cup Thrive Life freeze dried red bell peppers OR fresh pepper diced 1/4 cup Thrive Life freeze dried chopped onions OR 1/2 medium red onion diced finely 1/4 cup vegetable oil 1/2 cup water if using freeze dried OR 1/4 cup water if using fresh 1 T Thrive Life Limeade powder OR juice of one lime (don’t be afraid to add more LIME) 1 1/2 T Thrive Life honey crystals OR 2 T honey 1/2 c chopped fresh cilantro
Combine all produce. Prepare dressing on the side and drizzle over top. Let sit for a few minute before serving. When you’re using freeze dried ingredients you can prepare this ahead in a jar, all except for the liquids. When you’re ready, just pour into a bowl, add water and oil, stir to combine and presto! You’re done. You’ll have to forego the fresh cilantro, or add it later. This is wonderful for me because I can have ‘fresher-than-fresh’ mango salsa any time it appeals to me. recipe link Mix can Store in a sealed jar for 6 months to a year. Prepared, it can Store in fridge for a week
FRESH RHUBARB SUMMER SALSA click link for recipe I call this ‘summer salsa’ because of the many other ingredients that are plentiful in a summer garden, but not so plentiful in the spring as early as rhubarb is ready. This combination is terrific, delicious all by itself. Who said rhubarb has to be sweet? When you use it as a vegetable, you’re a little more willing to use less sugar. Only 1 tablespoon of brown sugar with over 8 cups vegetables.
FRESH RHUBARB CHUTNEY click link for recipe I love the sweet spicy smell that fills the house with this gorgeous spiced rhubarb chutney. So delicious, you can eat it straight. Personally I wouldn’t can it, simply because I’d prefer not to cook it that long, but you can always freeze the fresh rhubarb so that you can make this a few times in the off season. So quick and easy, and the bonus is that your house will smell GREAT! Lovely served over pork roast, beef or chicken– or wherever you use chutney.
PESTO I am a huge fan of PESTO – in fact, many PESTOS. I grow a lotta Basil for the sake of Pesto, but don’t limit yourself to just basil. You can use many different green herbs, or a combination of some of them. A whole new world of pesto awaits. I have a few different Pesto recipes elsewhere on this site, so instead of pasting them all here – I’m including the links. basil pesto oregano pesto nasturtium pesto radish green pesto I hope you’ll go check them out, and even make up a batch or two in the summer when all is fresh and green.
SOMETHING SWEET
CONDENSED MILK or EVAPORATED MILK This is the milk my mother’s generation prepared baby formula out of. My mom and all my aunts diluted it with boiled water and put it into baby bottles. It was the opinion of the time that enlightened western women did not need to breast feed anymore, as it was “quite inconvenient” and cows milk was just as good, in fact some considered it better. Evaporated milk was the first food of every child I knew – certainly myself, my siblings, and my cousins. That generation of western women was fully indoctrinated that bottle feeding and cow’s milk was better, and it took a lot of convincing to turn the tide back around. Not an easy sell. I was one of the few young moms of my peers who chose breastfeeding against the better judgement and advice of most older women I knew – including nurses on the maternity floor. My in-laws considered it quite a radical move, but they were becoming accustomed to my ‘radical’ ways and just rolled their eyes.
Nevertheless, there is a place for condensed/evaporated milk, and from a food storage perspective it can be a good resource – ie: a substitution for half and half cream in recipes. Yes, you can use ‘fresh’ milk and reduce it over heat – but you don’t need me for that. You can find a recipe for that online. However, making it from your shelf stable INSTANT Milk powder is super convenient since you already have everything on hand. 1 cup Thrive Instant Milk 1 1/4 cup water. Blend thoroughly in blender or with whisk. Makes 12 ounces Evaporated milk. Store in the fridge for up to two weeks.
SWEETENED CONDENSED MILK (not to be confused with ‘Condensed’ milk or ‘Evaporated milk’) An alternative to spending $4.99 – $5.99 for a 10 oz (300 ml) can of sweetened condensed milk, this takes less than 5 minutes and costs pennies. You can even make *Dulce de Leche from it, the same way you would regular canned Sweetened Condensed Milk.
2 Tablespoons butter 1/2 cup HOT water 1 cup Thrive Instant Milk powder 1 cup white sugar 1/2 teaspoon vanilla Put your butter in the blender and add your HOT water. Blend on low, gradually adding 1 cup white sugar and 1/2 teaspoon vanilla. Continuing beating till completely incorporated, scraping down sides as necessary. Makes 14 ounces sweetened condensed milk. Pour into a glass jar with a lid and refrigerate till needed. Mixture will thicken a little as it cools. May be Stored for up to two weeks in the fridge.
Personally, I don’t use sweetened condensed milk a whole lot. Maybe once a year if that. But when I do, I don’t want to have to run out to buy some, and I don’t use it enough to justify having it in my food storage. But since I have the milk and sugar on hand all the time, this is my best option.
*what is Dulce de Leche? Also called: caramelized milk or milk candy, it is a popular confection in Latin America, France, Poland and the Philippines – prepared by slow boiling an unopened can of sweetened condensed milk for 3 hours. The resulting substance is a sweet, gooey caramel coloured, spreadable, thick sauce (hence the name caramelized milk). Use as a spread in layered cake or buttery sandwich cookies, a filling for dessert crepes (topped with whipped cream to add to the calories lol), in homemade cheese cake filling, or as a topping for classic cheese cake, to sweetened home made eggnog, or in any number of sweet and delicious ways.
STRAWBERRY CREAM CHEESE DIP for fruit, graham crackers, sugar cookies, bagel wedges or apple wedges
8 oz package cream cheese softened 2 T honey 2 T milk 2 cups freeze dried strawberries In medium bowl, beat cream cheese, honey and milk until smooth. Add strawberries and continue to beat another minute or two – until strawberries are broken up and dip is a beautiful strawberry colour and taste. If it appears dip is getting a little dry, add another tablespoon or two of milk (one at a time to test texture). Let sit for ten minutes to completely refresh the strawberries. Can Store in the fridge for up to a week.
WHY MAKE YOUR OWN?
The biggest advantage of making your own mixes is that you know exactly what’s in them. It allows you to control salt, eliminate MSG and every other artificial or harmful ingredient. Consequently the storage time will be shorter, but in most cases, they’re so quick to make up – using ingredients that are common in most kitchens, that you can whip them up in minutes.
The other advantage is that I don’t have to run to the grocery store for common things we’ve become accustomed to using. Once we get over the fact that we’re also “accustomed” to store bought taste, we can replace that – and get used to – the natural homemade goodness of FRESH.
The video I promised to include about Thrive Scrambled Egg Mix (freeze dried eggs). And yes, they really are better than other ‘powdered eggs’. Much better!
Really? No, I mean REALLY? How is this possible? You can take my word for it. They taste THAT good.
*What is Tomato Powder? Made from dehydrated tomatoes, ground into powder, tomato is exactly what it purports to be. It adds the gentle acid of tomatoes to the full bodied, concentrated flavour of a tomatoes in all your favourite dishes. You can make your own – you go girl! – or buy it from a good natural source. My favourite is from THRIVE LIFE.
I don’t know when I started loving fall and Thanksgiving. The colours, the smells, the foods, the geese flying south, the warmth of the sun on still autumn days, the crunch of leaves while walking in the river valley, sitting around the fire on crisp evenings, . . . . . Not sure if I always have loved it, or if it started with autumn memories that included Dan. We started dating in Edmonton during the late summer, and I moved away within weeks to Cold Lake. I was a teenager just starting high school. He came up to see me a time or two and we wrote for a while, but long distance romances when you’re that young are difficult at best.
Two years later I was passing through Edmonton again in the late summer and we reconnected for a short while. A couple of dates and I was back in Cold Lake in September to begin my final year of high school. I had grown up a little, he had grown up a little more. The following weekend, he drove to Cold Lake to visit me and I prepared us a picnic lunch. There are plenty of beautiful places to go for picnics around Cold Lake, and we had a lovely time. This became the beginning of many weekend pilgrimages from Edmonton to Cold Lake, throughout the fall and winter. It wasn’t long before we became engaged. He got an insider look at my family in all our glory: good, bad, and yes, even the occasional ugly. He came to church with me on Sundays and met many of my friends. Conversations lasting many hours helped us get to know each other, and eventually winter turned to spring. He wanted to get married in the spring, but for me, it had to be fall. I needed a little bit of time between high school and the commitment of marriage. And fall had become a significant time in our story anyway. We were married the following October. Thanksgiving weekend. My apologies to everyone who had to give up their Thanksgiving weekend that year to travel to our wedding. That meant you didn’t get your usual traditional Thanksgiving Dinner – which I never considered at the time. Sorry ’bout that.
Thanksgiving includes DINNER to me – one that involves planning and preparation. In the beginning, we were always at one of our parents’ homes on the Thanksgiving weekend. There were some constants between our homes of course: roast turkey, dressing, mashed potatoes with gravy, cranberry sauce and pumpkin pie. And there were some variables: brussel sprouts, sweet potatoes, broccoli salad, perogies, cabbage rolls, variations on pies and pumpkin, and my Gramma Harrison’s marshmallow fruit salad – depending on where we were. But it was always with family. That was the critical component.
Thanksgiving however, is more than dinner. It’s memories. It’s harvesting the garden. It’s late summer tomatoes. It’s apples, and apple juice, purple grapes and high bush cranberries. It’s the humidity of the canner, the hum of the dehydrator. It’s crisp outside, warm inside. It’s family. It’s the time of year (not just the day, but all the weeks leading up to it) that the bounty of the season causes one to pause and reflect on those things we’re most grateful for. And more than that, its a good time to vocally express our appreciation to others and to Heavenly Father.
Over Dan and my years together, Thanksgiving evolved from us going to our parents homes, to us hosting our parents and others. That was when the metal of tradition was put to the test. Which of our family’s established traditions would we incorporate into our lives? and which new traditions would we create with and for our children? For those traditionalists like me, we like certain things done the same way, every time. We like revisiting celebrations the same way. For me, Thanksgiving must include turkey with all that means to me. Christmas Eve much include bread and cheese. Easter must include coloured eggs. All the above must include PEOPLE. But in these difficult Covid times that are messing with our usual way of doing things we can still find ways to celebrate and enjoy important ‘traditions’. In fact there has probably never been a time when we were in more need of the cohesiveness of traditions.
apples, apple juice, apple sauce, apple leather, apple crisp, and of course . . . apple pie
I am a gardener, so harvest has particular meaning to me, and a definite connection to our Thanksgiving menu. In addition to the must-have turkey with fixings, dinner must include things I’ve harvested. Things like Cranberry juice from our own high bush cranberry. Made into a sparkling drink. Homemade Cranberry sauce – made from fresh or frozen cranberries, or even better – freeze dried cranberries. Dressing made with homemade bread, onions, garlic and other herbs from the garden. Vegetables of course, from this year’s harvest. Apples: apple pie, apple juice, apple sauce, apples in salad. Pumpkin: maybe pie, maybe tarts, maybe cheese cake, maybe cookies, maybe dip for gingersnap cookies. Grape: pie from our own grapes. Bread – homemade rolls. And of course, FAMILY – the greatest harvest of all. This year, by stupid covid necessity our numbers will be fewer. One son’s family will be with their other grandparents. One son’s family will be with another son’s family. My mother will be with my niece. Our daughter’s and another son’s families will be with us. Friends – another great harvest, will be not be around our table this year. But we will gather as we can, and enjoy the food and companionship of each other.
Don’t ever discount the importance of food in celebrations, traditions and memories. Most of us have very strong food-memories, for good or bad. That is why food is so important in how we celebrate special days, and in how we associate with certain people. A strong (and good) food memory for me is “chicken noodles”; many years of family gatherings and happy times are associated with this family favourite. And it is the natural suffix of Thanksgiving turkey. Ukrainian Cabbage Rolls are another strong food-memory for me. No one could make cabbage rolls like Dan’s step-mom Margaret, and no family dinner that she put on would be complete without them. Its been a loss for many years. University of Massachusetts Professor of Psychology Susan Krauss Whitbourne teaches us that “Food memories involve very basic, nonverbal areas of the brain and can bypass your conscious awareness. This is why you can have strong emotional reactions when you eat a food that arouses deep unconscious memories. . . . The memory goes beyond the food itself to the associations you have to that long ago memory.” For many of us, those food memories are already well established, but our children’s food-memories are still forming, and we have a tremendous influence on their creation and evolution. Wouldn’t it be nice if most of those associations were good ones?
in this chapter: Mullein, Mint, Nasturtium, Oregano, Parsley, Plantain, Poppies, Radish leaves. Some inside, some outside. Chapter continues to be a work in progress. I’d love to read your comments below.
MULLEIN
Mullein is a big, tall, unique looking plant with long fuzzy leaves, and in the flowering years it can reach six or seven feet tall. Introduced to North America with European settlers, it is considered a weed, that grows wild in fields and ditches in many parts of BC and Alberta. Some of the leaves can grow about two feet long.
Pronounced ‘mull-en’. People often want to give it more pizzaz when they say the word, but its just boring ol ‘mull en’.
in the garden
Mullein is a hardy biennial in the western states and provinces from zone 3 to 9. It loves sun and dry, so its the perfect plant for the backdrop of a country flower garden, or along sunny fence lines. It is drought resistant so once it gets established, it will pretty much take care of itself. It requires winter dormancy before it can flower. Yes its a weed, but its a great ‘weed’ so don’t be a bigot; bees love the yellow blossoms and birds eat the seeds. If you don’t want the seeds to disperse freely, then remove the flower stalk before it seeds. Personally, I don’t mind plants that self seed if they’re easy to pull up where I don’t want them. Mullein is easy to pull up, so I mostly let the wind or birds plant them where they want and I pull them up where its not gonna work for me. In fact, that’s how it came to me. As a gift from either the wind or some of my bird friends. I didn’t know what it was for a couple of years. Since its a biennial, it was different the second year, and confused me when it didn’t come back the third year, but a few babies took its place. My philosophy is to never kill something I don’t understand, and since it was new (and very interesting), I decided to let it prove itself to me. I figured it out finally and we understand each other now, and have a good relationship. It grows tall, so it needs room to be what it wants to be, but its so fun for the kids to touch the soft fuzzy leaves that I want it in a place where they can enjoy it.
Fun fact: because the leaves are so big (up to two feet) and soft and fuzzy, the aboriginal people and early colonists lined their shoes with the leaves to protect from the cold.
As a biennial, the first year is the leaf year, getting only about three feet tall; the stalks and blossoms grow in the second year. Its small, yellow flowers are densely grouped on a tall stem, which grows from a large rosette of leaves. It won’t come back the year after it seeds, so if you can manage it, its good to have a few mullein plants in various stages of their development to ideally, you always have the tall yellow flowered stalks.
In the spring, when a cluster of a few plants appear here and there, I keep two or three at most in any given area and remove the others to replant elsewhere or two give away. With a little care, they’re easy to transplant.
Mullein is reputed to have expectorant and cough suppressant properties that make it useful for relief of the symptoms of sore throat and coughs. It has been used traditionally for respiratory conditions such as cough, asthma, pneumonia, and colds, but there is limited scientific research to support the claims. Currently the jury is still out on the medicinal uses of Mullein so for now, I use it only as an ornamental herb in my garden, and will continue to stay on top of continued research.
MINT
Mint is a fast-growing, aromatic herb that is more of a common part of our life than we might realize. Who is not familiar with the flavours of peppermint and spearmint, or the scent of mint in general? It is a hearty perennial with fragrant, toothed leaves and tiny purple, pink, or white flowers. One of the most popular aromatic oils and flavour extracts, there are over thirty different mint varieties. While I admit to being tempted sometimes into trying various ‘flavours’ over the years, in the end, I just want a normal mint for my purposes. I know, probably boring. What can I say?
fun fact: mint is native to Europe, Asia, North America, southern Africa and even Australia! It is widely distributed throughout the world and grows best in wet, moist soil.
in the garden
Mint is vigorous in the right conditions, and is known for its ‘aggressive’ nature and reputation for taking over the garden, so for years I tried to keep it separate and contained. But the gardens that are ‘separated’ in my yard usually don’t get as much sun, and my mint never really did that well – certainly nothing I would refer to as ‘aggressive’. A few years ago, I admitted defeat and transplanted my mint to a more luxuriously sunny spot in my herb garden that is not contained. There it is doing very well. I finally reasoned that if I wanted to benefit from it then it deserved some advantages too. Even mint needs attention. I am watchful of it, and will keep it under control. This year I went even one step further and planted some spearmint in another garden spot in my yard. My neighbour has mint growing on her east side just outside her gate. It get a lot of sun and does very well, but she doesn’t use it. So I do. Thank-you Jodi. So currently, I have peppermint in my herb garden, spearmint in my “protected zone” and who knows what kind of mint growing in my neighbour’s garden that is accessible to me. It is not uncommon for me to gather some of all three varieties and use them together in whatever dish I am preparing.
A very good way to grow mint IN the garden without the risk of it spreading beyond where you want it, is to use containers IN the soil. Dig a hole and plant the pot to ground level or an inch above if you prefer. This gives it the advantage of being in the ground, which protects it during the winter, but restricts its root growth. I have never done that, but I expect, ever few years, you’d want to dig it up and thin it out. Planting mint in regular pots on the patio or elsewhere above ground may contain it, but it is less likely to survive the winter that way. Although mint will do well in several different conditions, it likes a rich moist soil so give it your best.
in the kitchen
Mint leaves can be harvested once the plants are ready to flower, but for daily use, I snip pieces of them all summer long as needed. I use it as an ingredient in several summer-type dishes that I prefer fresh, and so only make in the summer, like watermelon salad and tabouli salad. I use fresh mint to flavour cold water all summer long, or dried – for mint ‘tea’ in the winter.
To pick, I clip a stem down a few inches to the top of a new set of leaves. Then after washing, gently dry with a tea towel, then tear away the leaves and use a very sharp knife to chop on a cutting board. I use my ulu knife and board. I only use them raw – mostly in salads or salsas, but if you’re going to add them to a hot dish, add at the end of the cooking process to help maintain their delicate flavor and texture. – Chop fresh mint and throw into a fresh fruit salsa with chopped apples, pear, lime juice, jalapeno, and honey, – or with chopped strawberries, cantaloupe, honey dew melon and a little lime juice, – or a refreshingly flavourful watermelon salad – diced watermelon, chopped mint leaves, fresh lime juice (or lime powder), a little olive oil and crumbled feta. (*hint: I love lime, but go ahead and substitute lemon if you prefer) – I love finely chopped cucumbers and lightly chopped mint leaves in water with ice. So refreshing. – or mint tea – pour boiling water over a handful of fresh or dried leaves. Allow to steep for 5 of so minutes and drink hot. Sweeten as desired. I add a portion of a stevia leaf for sweetening.
other uses
– Mint is a calming herb that people have used for thousands of years to help soothe an upset stomach, indigestion and even headaches. Use it in a cool drink or in a tea. – Mint oil is popular as a natural mosquito repellent as the strong scent is apparently unappealing to most insects, and is an effective way to treat many insect bites too. – After a long hot day in the garden, sprinkle a few handfuls of fresh mint into your bath water. The cooling sensation of it will reduce your temperature very effectively. – Mint leaves, especially freshly crushed ones, will help you deal with nausea and headache. During pregnancies a strong mint tea was the only relief I used to get from headaches. – Chew mint as a natural breath freshener. – Because of its amazing scent, use it in potpourri. – Mint has earned its spot in my garden. I wouldn’t want to go through a summer without it.
NASTURTIUM
Nasturtiums are interesting looking plants, with their bright greenery and vibrant flowers, great for pots, hanging baskets or planted directly in the garden. The first time I ever saw them they were spilling over in three gorgeous hanging baskets at the entry way of my friend Dorothy Beck’s beautiful home just outside of Devon, Alberta. She filled her baskets with nasturtiums every spring, and I never see them without being reminded of her. In fact it was Dorothy who first told them they were edible, although I’m pretty sure she never ate them lol. Since then, I’ve come to know and appreciate them much better. They are so much more than a pretty flower.
They’re double agents actually, passing equally for flowers or herbs when it suits them, and they’re they perfect choice for cut flowers on your table, hanging in your yard, planted in your flower garden, or dispersed among your vegetables as companions. They’re super heroes in your vegetable garden – sacrificing themselves for the health of other plants.
in the garden
Nasturtiums are slow to germinate, so you might want to get a head start by seeding indoors 3 to 4 weeks before the last spring frost. If you haven’t done that, give them the advantage of soaking up to three days before planting directly into your soil mid May. Remember, they take a long time to germinate (which is why planting them indoors is good) so be patient. Expect at least two weeks, and even then – they might take longer. I know. I told you – be patient. This year I didn’t decide to plant nasturtiums till it was too late to start indoors, so I soaked the seeds four days and planted directly into planters. I had a vision for what I wanted in an arrangement of five pots, them spilling from one to the other. Once they were planted, I tried to be really good about watering, but after over two weeks (it seemed like longer), I gave up and admitted defeat. I concluded that I must have either soaked them too long, or let them dry out once they were in the soil. Argh! They were new seeds so I was fairly confident they were good. It was undoubtedly my fault. So with empty pots, I went out and bought some lobelias to take their place. Another week at least went by before I started seeing a bunch of cute little round faces of nasturtium seedlings peaking up at me. Little stinkers! “Where were you when I was waiting for you?” I was happy to see them though, and now I’m gonna have some fuller pots than I expected. Interestingly, I even found some nasturtiums growing in my potting soil as well – evidently where I dumped some starter soil back into the box after giving up. I love love love happy surprises, so its all good. I transplanted some among my cucumbers, tomatoes and squash, for their companionable benefit. If I find any more strays, I’ll continue to plant them into my vegetable garden.
In addition to being a down-home-beautiful flower, nasturtiums are useful in your garden for a number of reasons. Their bright flowers attract pollinators – which is a good thing, but they also attract pest insects – which is also a good thing. I know that doesn’t sound right, but by planting one or two among your squash, tomatoes and cucumbers for instance, they will act as decoys for aphids, weevils and certain types of beetles – protecting the vegetables, becoming sacrificial plants for the betterment of your garden’s society. Thank-you nasturtiums. See, I told you they’re super heroes.
The leaves are very identifiable – a most interesting perfectly ROUND shape. And the flowers are unique too. Bright, vibrant colours, funnel shaped with cute little spur-things on the back. They prefer moist, well drained soil in full sun but will tolerate partial shade. They actually prefer poor soil, and will bloom better there, so if you have a less desirable spot, nasturtiums can be your perfect tenants. They need no fertilizer, in fact the more fertile the soil, the fewer blooms and more foliage you’ll get – which is fine because both leaves and flowers are edible and equally delicious. But just because they’re content in poor soil, doesn’t mean they don’t need to be cared for. You should water them regularly throughout the growing season – being careful to not let them sit in soggy soil. Good drainage is the key. If they get too dry you’ll notice them drooping, but don’t worry, they’re quick to forgive when you give them a nice drink of water. Like me, they prefer the non-really-hot days, and will do better in the early and later parts of the season. Perfect for our northern gardens.
Dead-heading throughout the summer will prolong blooming, and if you’re growing in containers, trim them back from time to time because they can get gangly. If you’re using them in the kitchen regularly this shouldn’t be too difficult to keep up with.
Planning ahead: save seeds to plant more next spring. In late summer / early fall, when the plant starts to wilt and shows you that its tired and really wants to die, let it. Allow the seeds to dry out on the vine. They’ll fall off, but collect them, brush off the soil and bring them inside. Once they’re completely dry, store them in a labelled and dated non-plastic envelope with your other seeds. I say ‘non-plastic’ in case they aren’t completely dry. You don’t want them to get moldy during the winter.
Fun fact: Nasturtiums are native to central America, from Mexico to Peru, where the native people used the entire plant as food. Europeans brought them to the Old World in the 1500’s where they were quickly adopted.
in the kitchen
Nasturtium leaves and/or flowers are an excellent addition to any garden leaf salad. They add colour and interest and a brilliant, bright, peppery flavour. As soon as they have 4 leaves, I consider it fair game to pick a leaf or two from each plant. In fact, like most of us, they’re more tender when they’re young, so don’t waste a minute. Once they start blooming, you’ll be able to add the flowers to your salads too. Even the stems and seeds are edible and delicious. Such a valuable plant! And beautiful too. It seems there must be a down side to them, but I haven’t found it yet.
Picking the flowers of course keeps more flowers coming. Its part of the game we play with annual flowering plants: they want to go to seed, its how they survive; we try not to let them go to seed. In their quest to produce seed, they continue to flower. In our quest to prevent seeding (and therefore postponing the ‘end‘), we continue picking the flowers. So in actual fact, the more you eat, the more will grow. * hint: pick in the morning while they’re still plump from the dew.
Nasturtium leaves in the kitchen ready to be made into pesto. Best Pesto ever!
Eventually, the season will draw to a close, or your nasturtium plants will simply get away from you and go to seed regardless of your best efforts. That’s alright too, remember even their seeds are edible! You can add them in salads or even better . . . . you can pickle them in vinegar and use them just like capers. As soon as the flower dies off, pick the seed. The seeds are about the size of pea seeds, and they should be green. If they’ve already ripened and are brown, don’t use them for ‘capers’, but don’t waste them. Set them aside for planting next spring.
recipes
It hard not to like the flavour of nasturtiums in a salad, both leaves and flowers. They do more than look great. The leaves have that sweet peppery, a little spicey taste like a young radish, and the flowers – similar but a little milder and sweeter. But don’t stop at salads. You can eat the stems and seeds too. The seeds are made into ‘nasturtium capers’.
I admit not everyone in our house likes capers. Come to think of it, it might just be Dan who doesn’t like them. They’re strong flavoured, tangy, even pungent. Nasturtium capers aren’t gonna be a whole lot different, so if you like capers you’ll love them, if you don’t you won’t. Because they’re so strongly flavoured you won’t use a lot in any recipe so they go a long way. I love them, especially in a broccoli pasta dish my mother-in-law used to make, or in a Greek Salad. Any recipe you can find for using capers, can be substituted with nasturtium capers.
nasturtium seeds in jar ready for vinegar
The only tricky part with nasturtium seeds might be to find lots of them at the same time. But don’t worry about it, pick what you’ve got and start as if you’ve got a cup. Then continually look for more, adding to your ‘pickling seeds in the jar’ with vinegar as you pick them. Soon enough they’ll catch up to the others and they’ll all taste the same in the end. Remember if the seeds have gone brown, leave them to finish ripening and then use them to replant next year, you want GREEN seeds for this recipe. You can also make nasturtium capers using a salt brine instead of vinegar. The process then is ‘fermenting’ instead of pickling. I’ve never done it, but maybe I might give it a try next summer.
Nasturtium Capers recipe 1 cup green nasturtium seeds 1 cup white or light coloured vinegar (your choice) 1 teaspoon sea salt options: * a little bit of freshly ground pepper or some peppercorns slight crushed in your mortar and pestle, * a few sprigs of fresh dill if desired * use 1/2 vinegar and 1/2 water with 2 more teaspoons sea salt for more of a fermented result
Rinse the nasturtium seeds blotting them dry on a clean towel. Put into a 1 pint pickling jar. Fill a small saucepan with vinegar, salt, and water if you’re using it. Bring to a boil, then let it sit to cool. If you’re using dill and/or pepper, add a few sprigs to the jar, then pour pickling solution overtop. Seal. You can set aside out of direct light for three or four days to begin the fermentation process, or put directly into the fridge. Allow to sit for at least 3 weeks, but the longer they sit, the more flavourful they’ll be. You can probably keep them longer, but best to use within a year or so. Fill a small saucepan with water, vinegar, salt, and sugar, bring to a boil. Add a few sprigs of fresh dill in the jar, then pour pickling solution over the pods. Just in time for the garden to give you more. Enjoy.
Ways to use Nasturtium capers: * in a tuna salad sandwich * in a simple creamy pasta sauce * in deviled eggs * in potato salad * My favourite way (and the dish where I learned to love capers) was one my mother in law used to make. Here’s to you Mom (Miriam Ruth Beck Thomas).
Not really a typical recipe – here goes: Miriams’s Broccoli and Capers with Pasta Bring water to boil and salt. While its heating, prepare a dressing using about 1/4 cup (or less if you’re not making much) capers and about the same amount of its brine (vinegar), crushed garlic, olive oil and a dash of red chili seeds. Set aside to wait for pasta. Cut up broccoli stems and florets into bite sized pieces. If you’re using small pasta, use small pieces, if using bigger pasta like rotini, use bigger pieces. Set aside to wait for pasta. Boil pasta in salted water just until el dente (not over cooked). In the last minute or two, throw in broccoli. Don’t turn your back on the broccoli. Cook only long enough for the broccoli to turn its brilliant green colour. Drain immediately and pour into serving dish. Pour dressing over top and toss to coat all. Sprinkle with grated parmesan if desired, and freshly ground pepper.
nasturtium pesto: stir in the shredded parmesan at the end. I use freeze dried cheese because I always have it, and its wonderful.
Nasturtium leaves in pesto I’m just using my traditional pesto recipe here, substituting the leaves
3 – 4 cups packed nasturtium leaves (or combine them with basil or other garden herbs) 2 cloves garlic little bit of sea salt and freshly ground pepper 1/2 cup almonds or walnuts 1/2 cup olive oil (or more) 3/4 cup grated parmesan cheese
fresh bread with nasturtium pesto and fresh tomatoes
Combine washed greens, garlic, salt & pepper, nuts and olive oil in blender or food processor. Blend till almost smooth. You’ll have to push the leaves down from time to time. Stir in parmesan afterward. Be flexible here, add a little more oil if needed, add a little more cheese if needed. optional – add a small squeeze of lemon juice at the end for some nice zing
Nasturtiums have earned an honoured place in my garden. I can’t imagine a year without them.
OREGANO
Oregano is a staple in every herb garden. Primarily because it is so doggone easy to grow, and easy to please. It is super friendly and loves everything and everyone; a real confidence booster for first time gardeners. * Spring came early this year? Great! Oregano will be one of your first plants to green up. * Late spring? Don’t worry about it. Oregano will be pushing through the cold nights like a trooper. * Lots of rain and hardly any sun? No problem. Oregano can be its own mini rain forest. * Lots of sun and a little on the dry side? Gotcha covered. Oregano is very forgiving on either end of the spectrum. For a plant that originates in the hot areas of the Mediterranean, it is surprising how hearty an established plant can be in a typical Canadian year.
in the garden
Oregano is a hearty perennial that makes a useful ground cover in any sunny part of your garden. It may start out low, but can grow up to two feet high when mature! It has a lovely pink to lavender coloured flower (some varieties might have white flowers) so I make sure to have it in a few different spots: my herb garden of course where I keep it trimmed by harvesting, and in a couple of my flower gardens where I allow it to flower to use in bouquets and flower arrangements. Strip off the lower leaves to use fresh or dry and then enjoy the flowers in a jar of water. Because its so independent (not one of those high maintenance fair weather friends), oregano is the perfect beginner for any herb or backyard garden. If you’re much north of Edmonton, or live out in the country where your garden is open, its possible your oregano might not make it through every winter. Just be prepared for this and don’t take it personally. That’s one reason I keep it in a few DIFFERENT spots throughout my garden. I don’t want to put all my eggs in one basket, and we do live in Canada after all. I even grow some in my vegetable garden as it is a friendly and helpful companion to many other plants.
Oregano in upper right, parsley in center and sage forefront. Lupin (purple flower) upper left of center, feverfew upper far left (flowering like little white daisies). Red orache center left.
Most useful and even culinary herbs are considered weeds (we are such name calling bigots), and as such they’re not particularly fussy about the soil in which they grow. Oregano is no exception. Not surprisingly then, rich loamy soil is not even desirable for oregano. It actually prefers sandier, lighter soil that drains well. So if you have a difficult spot in a sunny area (rock garden, along a sidewalk, or close to your kids’ sandbox) – let your oregano show you what its made of. If you’re in an apartment with a sunny side, or small condo with limited patio space, oregano will do well in a pot. If you live where I live though, be prepared, a pot makes it a one season plant as it won’t likely survive the winter outside of the ground. Best to plant it IN the ground if you have a spot available, so that it can come back, but if you don’t – no problem, just treat it like an annual and replant it again next year. It does best in sun of course, but doesn’t demand full sun. Other than that it is virtually trouble free and maintenance free. Having said all this, my garden has excellent rich soil and I really don’t have a poor-soil place to plant it, so it is where it is. Thankfully its pretty difficult to offend oregano.
The leaves of oregano are flat and oval and can range from fuzzy to almost smooth. Occasionally mistaken for marjoram as they belong to the same family and look very much alike.
Oregano plants are in the mint family (and a close cousin of marjoram) so they propagate themselves through root expansion. I wouldn’t call them ‘invasive‘, but they will spread if not contained, so you can call that whatever you want. I like this fact and it keeps my oregano plentiful so that I have lots to move around and to give away.
It can be started from seeds but they take a long time to germinate. Catalogs offer a wide variety of seeds, but unless you’ve got your heart set on a particular type that you can only get by seed, spend a few bucks and get a plant from your local nursery. Better yet, get a cutting or division from a friend, then you’ll know exactly what to expect and you’re more sure of its hardiness. After a few years, you can divide your own plants to spread oregano to different parts of your garden, and share with friends.
Few garden pests bother oregano, (another great attribute), in fact the strong scent of oregano repels pests, making it an excellent companion plant in your vegetable or flower garden or under fruit trees.
Many use oregano oil as a natural insect repellent, and even as bug spray for your household plants! Simply add a few drops to a spray bottle with water, and spray your plants with it. You will keep aphids away.
in the kitchen
Oregano is a MUST-HAVE in any kitchen garden, probably the herb I use the most during the cold months as it is so wonderful in soups, meat stews, pasta sauces, chicken dishes, dressings, and roasted vegetable dishes (especially any with a Mediterranean flavour. One of my favourite ways to use it in the summer months is with a few other herbs on vegetables roasted over the barbeque with a little bit of olive oil.
Fun fact: did you know that climate, soil, and moisture can cause variation in the flavour? That means that your oregano can be quite unique to YOU.
As with most herbs, oregano leaves taste best before the plant flowers. In my herb garden I pinch the flowers to keep the plants bushy and prevent it from bolting to seed. In my flower garden, I allow them to flower and then cut to use in the house in flower arrangements. Either way, cutting the flower off keeps the plant vibrant.
To harvest (anytime after the plants are close to 6 inches), simply clip with some kitchen scissors or clippers. I cut the stem right to the ground to encourage more stems from the base and keep the plant looking plump. I pick the bigger, older stems that are a little more ‘woody’. Swish lightly in clean water to wash and shake excess water off in the sink. Let sit on a clean tea towel to let the wetness dry off, and when no longer damp, strip the leaves from the top by holding the top and sliding your finger the thumb down the stem.
Oregano and Thyme. Very good friends.
Conveniently, harvesting = pruning. Most woody, perennial herbs don’t require pruning to grow. They’re fine left to their own devices and given the right growing conditions, in fact many will become shrubs or carpets of ground cover. But in a well kept garden, pruning will improve the look and strength of the plants, and the whole idea in a home garden is to USE the herbs anyway right? Pruning also encourages new growth which will have the best flavour. Having said this, the flowers of the oregano plant attract bees and other friendly pollinators which is very desirable in any garden, so allowing some flowers to stay on the plant is a good thing. There simply is no bad way to grow oregano. It is going to like you and help you no matter what you do or don’t do regarding it. Wouldn’t we all like to have friends this loyal and forgiving?
I use it fresh all summer in salads, and many other dishes, and use it dry all winter in tons of hearty meat or vegetable dishes. One can even make into a tea or tea blend – which is quite tasty bytheway. I sometimes use it in my pesto to supplement basil if I’m a little low on basil. When you know something is super nutritious as well as delicious, your incentive to use it MORE is enhanced.
However you use it, just make sure you do!
oregano is good, and good for you
More than just a culinary herb to use in the kitchen, oregano is rich in antioxidants, boasting one of the biggest antioxidant ratings. Keep in mind of course that we don’t eat handfuls of oregano like we eat handfuls of berries, but just knowing that should make us want to include them as much as possible in our diet. Rich in Vitamin K, (a lesser known but important nutrient), it is helpful in preventing heart disease and building strong bones.
a veritable bouquet of herbs! Clockwise from 11:00 and 12:00 is Feverfew in full flower, 1:00 is Red Orache (more green than red here), 3:00 is Orache, 4:00, 5:00 and 7:00 is Mint, 6:00 is Feverfew and dead center is Oregano
Oregano is well known to strengthen our immune system, so make sure you have plenty on hand for flu and cold season. Because it has powerful antibacterial and anti-fungal properties oregano oil is very popular. It has a remarkable ability to fight bacteria and studies indicate that it’s antimicrobial quality is not diminished by heating. For those who suffer from arthritis and other inflammatory conditions, it is helpful to know that oregano contains a substance known as beta-caryophyllin, which inhibits inflammation, so we can add anti-inflammatory to the list of favourite ‘antis“.
Oregano has earned its honoured place in my garden, and I love that the flowers attract bees which are welcome guests. I highly recommend it in your herb, flower, or vegetable garden. A single plant can yield you enough to use fresh during the summer and enough to dry for the rest of the year.
I’d love to hear your Oregano story. How do you grow it and where? What are your favourite ways to use it? Any tips for the rest of us?
PARSLEY
Culinary. Breath freshener and helps with digestion, it is often used on plates as garnish, but we are missing out on the benefit if we think its only decorative. Parsley is native to the Mediterranean area.
in the garden
Parsley commonly comes in two varieties, – flat leaf or curly leaf. Both are biennial plants with bright green leaves, but don’t get your hopes up – in the Edmonton area, it comes back less than half the time, so be prepared to either plant by seed, or rebuy from the nursery every spring. It is in the same family as dill.
If you’re starting your own plants indoors, its best to start well in advance as parsley is a slow starter and can take up to three weeks for the seeds to sprout. Consider about twelve weeks before you want to plant them outside, that makes it mid February in my world. For better germination, soak the seeds for a day or two before planting. For this reason, and because I only want a two or three plants, I usually just buy them from the nurseries.
Easy to transplant into the garden, give them a sunny spot and drains well. Water well in the beginning to get established, and then from time to time as needed. One plant will give you as much fresh parsley as you’ll probably ever need in one season, but since I dry for the winter, I plant a few. I use both the curly and the flat leaf parsley for different things so I grow them both. They say the flat-leaf type has better flavour, but I can’t say as I ever noticed, certainly never put them to the test. To me, they’re interchangeable as desired. Whatever your personal preference is.
fun fact: Parsley is one of the world’s most popular herbs and is widely used in European, Middle Eastern, and North American cooking.
using parsley
ULU Knife – from the Inuit people of the north. Intended to use for butchering and scraping hides, I have never used it for meat. Indispensable in a summer kitchen.
I snip leaves from the outer portions of the plant throughout the season, letting the smaller branches mature. Swish in clear water and flick water off. Tear into desired pieces, or chop on cutting board. I have an ulu knife that I use for thousands of things – chopping herbs is just one of them.
To dry, I cut off the branches of clean parsley and either dry on clean kitchen towel or the dehydrator depending on how much I have to dry at any given time. I don’t pre-chop.
* method 1 – lay the parsley (minus the bigger stems) on a clean kitchen towel and leave to air dry on the table for several days. When completely dry and brittle, stuff into a glass jar, label, cover and store out of the light. * method 2 – if its humid or you’ve got a lot to dry, or are pressed for time, lay the clean parsley on dehydrator shelves. Turn on the dryer and leave for several hours. If I have to leave the house for any length of time, or I’m going to bed, I turn the dehydrator off to prevent it from running longer than I want it to. When the parsley is completely dry, stuff into a glass jar as for method 1.
I’ve tried to keep a parsley plant in a sunny window in the winter time, but I’ve never had much success. No matter how sunny my window is, the sun just isn’t sufficient in the winter to keep it nice. I am kinda into eating parsley ‘fresh’ in the summer as that is when I’m more likely to make things that require a lot of fresh parsley like TABOULI because of the other ‘fresh’ produce I’m getting from the garden. I don’t mind using dry parsley in the winter as my winter cooking is different than my summer cooking and it works just fine for me.
Parsley is packed with important nutrients and offers many health benefits. Particularly rich in Vitamins A, K, and C. Vitamin A is essential in a healthy immune system and eye health. Vitamin K supports bone health and blood clotting. Two tablespoons of parsley gives you more than the recommended daily amount for Vitamin K. Vitamin C is a powerful antioxidant, great for heart health and vital to our immune systems. Parsley is also a good source of minerals such as magnesium, potassium, folate, iron and calcium.
PLANTAIN
Plantain is a low growing perennial weed common throughout most of the world, introduced to North America (like so many things) with settlement by Europeans. Whether you knew the name or not, the chances of you being familiar with plantain is very high, as it is found on disturbed ground almost everywhere – city, town, farm, meadow, woods, … you name it. In earlier days it became known as “white man’s foot” because it was common along roadsides and other disturbed areas. The seeds would stick to the boots of the travelers and to their animals. It grows and spreads in areas close to people and domestic animals. Interestingly, it is also wind pollinated so not dependent on bees, and the seeds along the spikes are popular with birds.
For all the above reasons, it has come to be a noxious weed in North America. Kind of ironic as the definition of noxious is “injurious to physical or mental health“, and plantain although perhaps irritating to farmers, can be very beneficial and in different parts of the world it is actually cultivated as a crop. See below for more. …..
I have transplanted plantain plants to a ‘protected area’ of my garden, where weeds are allowed to grow in peace and safety. It has taken me a few years to educate the people I live with about the value in some plants so that the ‘weeds’ can be left to thrive. They don’t pretend to understand me. They just roll their eyes and shrug their shoulders and promise to stay out of the protected zone. This year, I had to transplant in two more plantain plants because my well meaning mom dug them out in the spring. lol – But I think we’ve made progress. I have put up a sign in that section of my garden that say “Let it Grow“. It was my daughter’s slogan; I voted for “Weeds have rights too”, but she was the one who made the sign so she had veto power.
The seeds and tiny flowers extend just about the full length of the spikes. The leaves are broad and oval shaped. The stocks holding the tiny flowers grow up from the roots.
plantain close up
They say that plantain leaves are edible, though you’d want to eat them very young in the spring as they get bitter and a little tough as the season wears on. I have never eaten them so don’t have an opinion. The seeds are also edible and when cooked will swell. I’ve never eaten them either but see below for some amazing uses of the seed.
It is used as a fresh poultice (called spit poultice) for insect bites. To make a ‘spit poultice (I know, I don’t like the name either), pick several leaves, and mash them together. You can put them in your mouth and chew up to make a green mush – hence the name. This could take you awhile as the leaves can be fibrous and …. well, chewy. The enzymes in your saliva apparently help release the healing and antiseptic properties from the leaf, and give it the proper texture to apply to the bite area. Wrap with gauze or other clean fabric to keep it on for several hours, replacing when it dries out. Similarly it is valued for its soothing quality and is used in salves for open sores.
Fun fact: because of its excellent water solubility, plantain seeds – also known as “psyllium”, is commonly used in commercial bulk laxatives. The seeds absorb water and become a thick, viscous compound that resists digestion in the small intestine. This resistance to digestion allows it to help regulate high cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood sugar levels, as well as relieve mild diarrhea and constipation. Unlike some other sources of fiber, the body typically tolerates psyllium well, making it a helpful natural choice.
Most of the psyllium seed used in North America comes from India as the herb is not commercially grown in North America. People use psyllium as a dietary supplement, available in the form of husk, granules, capsules, or powder. Manufacturers also fortify breakfast cereals and baked goods with psyllium. Psyllium husk is the main active ingredient in Metamucil, a fiber supplement that reduces constipation.
POPPY SEED
One of my garden’s most pleasant surprises is a sudden midsummer splash of RED interspersed here and there throughout. I first discovered Poppies quite by accident, in the little Ukrainian neighbourhood of our tiny farm-town – Calmar, Alberta. We were a year or two into our very first real garden, in our very first real home – an old, rundown house that we loved and fixed up. I worked hard in my garden, trying to keep it as weed free as possible, but one evening when I was wrapping it up for the day, I surveyed my work and noted a single tall weed in the middle of my potato patch. It looked so strong and healthy I didn’t have the heart to pull it out, so I left it. The very next day it rewarded me with a big, gorgeous red flower the like of which I had only seen in pictures. My neighbour confirmed it was indeed, a poppy. A weed. That was my first experience with the idea that the word ‘weed’ is a relative term. We really shouldn’t get so tied up in the word, as if it defined value. And yet we know we do. I learned that my poppy produced seed, the same poppy seed so popular in Ukrainian baking. It was the beginning of a life long friendship. Me and poppies.
Notice the big seed pod that remains after the poppy flowers. Thousands of future poppies in each one.
That single poppy was the beginning of a dynasty. It did what all poppies do after they bloom, it went to seed. Inside a poppy pod are thousands of tiny seeds. At first white, they ripen into an assortment of grey and black. I took those ripened seeds and broadcast them all over my garden. The next year I had lots, and so it began. I brought the seed with me to every house I’ve lived in since then, and shared them with everyone who asked for some. In the mid 80’s we lived in a townhouse for two years while Dan went back to school. We’d lost our house to the economic downturn in Alberta at the time, and had come back to Edmonton for what we thought was a couple of years. (So much for that theory, 35 years later we’re still here.) My poppies were growing in the only sunny spot my small yard offered, one we prepared under our front window, with the many other flowers and herbs we brought with us. Together these flowers softened the discouragement I felt at the time, and made our new dwelling more of a home. After my poppies bloomed, some stupid neanderthal came one night and cut off all the unripe pods, taking them. Of course there was a purpose – it’s an opium poppy after all, and I supposed the thief knew secrets I didn’t know. I never grew poppies in a front yard again.
Poppies are a bright, colourful, early summer addition to any flower, herb or even vegetable garden. All they need is sun. They can grow to three feet high, maybe higher. Straight and tall, with beautiful toothed, light green leaves and striking crepe-papery flowers that tower over their neighbours. They come in lots of different colours, but of this type I have only ever had red with slight variations on red.
I learned long ago that when they grow in clumps of several, or for crowding reasons they don’t gt enough sun, they will not grow very big, so its important to thin them out to no more that two or three relatively close together, and make sure they are not shaded by nearby plants. Single poppies (with less competition for sun) will grow the tallest, making the biggest heads, hence the biggest flowers, and ultimately the most seeds.
Because I have limited space, my gardens are rather . . . . . . FULL, and sunshine becomes a premium resource. I don’t want the poppies being shaded, but I also can’t have them shading lower plants either, and I want good airflow in my gardens, so there are concessions the poppies have to make too so that all my plants are happy. Because I am waiting for their seeds to ripen, they’re in that spot for the entire season, so after the plant has finished its flamboyant display, I pull off the lower leaves, allowing for better air flow and more light to come in. The plant can still ‘ripen’ as for all intents and purposes it is ready to die anyway.
Truth be told, I’d grow poppies just for their brilliant flowers, brief as they are in bloom, but every stage of the plant pleases me. Its a lovely plant as it gets ready to flower and the flower is spectacular. Then when they’re ready, the seeds are edible, often sprinkled on top of bagels and used in muffins, breads, cakes and salad dressings. And when all is said and done, the dried seed pod is its own kind of beautiful, making a classy statement in the maturing garden, and a striking addition to dried fall flower arrangements.
Poppies possess natural pain-relieving properties, making it an important medicinal plant in the pharmaceutical industry. Most medicinal opium comes from Turkey, India, and Australia. The sap from the unripe poppy seed pod contains compounds used to make morphine, which is what made it an important medicinal plant thousands of years ago in southwest Asia.
growing
Poppies are friendly neighbours and good companions in herb, flower or vegetable gardens. Here they are in my strawberry patch growing with dill. Everyone is happy and healthy.
Poppies are easy to grow. They want sun, and otherwise don’t ask for much. They don’t even need good soil, and will grow almost anywhere. There are many different varieties and colours, and from the same seed, I have occasionally had pink or even double flowering blossoms. Such is the miracle of genetics. The poppy is an annual flower, and I broadcast seed freely when I harvest it in September or October. It sits dormant all winter and when the conditions are right in summer, they start to grow. It is not uncommon for me to have sporadic blooms from the beginning of July through the end of August.
I have heard that mixing the seed with a little sand helps to evenly distribute it. Good idea, but I’ve never done it. The plants have a deep taproot and do not like to be transplanted. Don’t even bother trying to transplant, just gather the seed and start fresh in the spring. I always have so many plants volunteering from the seed I sprinkled liberally the previous fall, that I simply pull the ones that are too crowded or in spots I don’t want them to grow.
using poppy seeds
Truth is, poppies are the source of opium, morphine and many other drug compounds. For centuries they’ve been used as mild sedatives and pain relievers, all the way to life and soul destroying drugs. Personally, I decided decades ago I wasn’t interested in pursuing any use other than to the ripe seeds as a food. So while I acknowledge the darker side, I’m not going to waste anytime debating where the line is regarding it.
poppy seed loaves from Eastern Europe have lots more seeds in them than the couple of tablespoons North Americans are used to seeing in our muffins
As a food, poppy seeds contain essential minerals like calcium, magnesium, manganese, phosphorus, zinc and iron, as well as some B vitamins and omega 6 fatty acids so necessary to a healthy heart. They have a distinctive nutty taste and are used whole or ground into meal as an ingredient in pastries and breads. I have always loved poppy seed muffins, cakes and breads, but the true Eastern European poppy seed roll was an acquired taste. Having said that however, I really like it now. Recipes abound for tons of dishes so be adventurous and try them. My faves include: Poppy Seed cookies, muffins, scones, bundt cakes, loaf cakes and even angel food cakes. Poppy seeds as a topping for breads, rolls, bagels etc. Poppy seed dressing for salads.
Poppy Seed Dressing: 1/2 cup mayonnaise, 1 T lemon juice, 1 t lemon zest and 1 T sugar mixed together to dissolve sugar 1 T liquid honey 1 T poppy seed Use whisk to gently combine all ingredients. Refrigerate till ready to use over top salad.
I’d love to hear your thoughts on any of these valuable garden herbs.
Radish Leaves
okay, I know – radishes are vegetables. But did you know that the leaves are not only edible, they’re great tasting and super nutritious too? I’ve never much liked radishes themselves. As a child I didn’t like their strong peppery flavour, although my mom enjoyed them and we always had some on hand to add to green salads. As an adult, I tried them from time to time to see if they got better, but nope. I even grew them a few years, hoping that their home-grown-ness would appeal to me more. Nope. If anything, they were even stronger. So its kind of a mystery to me why, a couple of years ago, I purchased some radish seeds. Two packages actually. I know, right!?! I am pretty sure I had no intention of eating them. I had heard that some gardeners use radishes as a row marker for carrots since they are so quick to germinate and carrots are infamously SLOW to germinate. That interested me and I decided to give it a try.
When the radishes germinated, they were a refreshing sight of early green in the garden. As they grew they were tender but strong and vigorous, and one day when I was out looking for new greens to add to a garden salad, they called to me. I reasoned that radish seeds were often in sprouting mixes I had used in the past, so I invited them to my salad party. They did not disappoint. Their flavour was mildly peppery – not the over powering pepper of a radish bulb. Their texture was tender and delicate, and most appealing. I became an instant convert, and I picked them regularly from then on – for salads.
But radishes grow up, and they developed the traditional radish bulb we are familiar with. I still don’t like those, and I noticed that the greens got a little tougher and even a little prickly, and stronger tasting. Their appeal in a garden salad lessened, but my loyalty to them remained. It was their nutrition that I couldn’t ignore. Like broccoli and kale, radish leaves are a nutritional powerhouse, but they’re a heckuva LOT easier to grow. They’re also rich in vitamins A, B6, and C as well as minerals like calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, potassium and iron, and folic acid! They have long been reputed to speed up digestion.
I decided to try doing something different with them. Something that didn’t care about their prickly texture. PESTO. Because as most people know, Pesto is the solution to most of life’s problems. Wash well in cool water as the coarseness of their texture holds grit. If I end up with a few radish bulbs in my collection of greens, I add them. They’re not good to me for anything else anyway. I cut the radish in half to make sure there are no wormie things inside – a nasty sometimes occurrence. I use a Vitamix blender, because this will get pretty thick. I recommend something similar.
Radish Pesto
radish leaves tucked in the blender, in the fridge, waiting for the right time
5 (or so) cups radish leaves packed into blender 3 or 4 whole cloves of garlic. Don’t even bother taking the husks off when using a high powered blender. Instead of garlic cloves, I use entire stalk (including bud on bottom) of garlic chives. A good sized handful, coarsely chopped. Juice of a whole lemon (sometimes I’ll throw in half of a lemon rind and all) 1/2 – 1 cup almonds 1/2 – 1 cup olive oil, slowly added (begin with 1/2 cup and add slowly if necessary) salt and pepper to taste (begin with 1/2 t salt and 1/4 t pepper and then go from there, tasting all along) 1 cup parmesan cheese (I use freeze dried parmesan)
garlic chives in the garden act as an able garlic substitute all summer long till the real stuff is ready to harvest in September or early October
I realize the amounts might seem a little ‘unprecise’, sorry, I don’t know how to do it any other way. But it really is about availability, and personal preference. Whatever works for you. Begin somewhere and go from there. Put the greens in the blender and turn on low, pushing down as needed with the plunger, and pausing frequently to scrape down sides. Once the leaves have reduced a little in volume, add the garlic and lemon juice, and slowly begin drizzling in the olive oil, continuing to run the blender and using the plunger to ensure everything gets pureed. You don’t have to use all the oil, just until the texture is right. Slowly add the almonds a few at a time; you don’t have to use the whole cup. I like the texture of the parmesan so I only add HALF of it in the blender, and I stir in the rest by hand later. Let pesto sit for about 15 minutes if possible before you use it. And use FRESH! That’s the whole point. Leftover pesto can be stored in the fridge for several days to have on hand for other uses. During the summer, I make several batches of pesto to freeze for use all year long. Its been recommended to hold the parmesan when freezing, then add later. Sometimes I leave it out, sometimes I don’t. Can’t say I’ve noticed any difference actually, but then I use freeze dried parmesan and maybe that makes a difference (?) You can decide yourself.
Enjoy. I would love to hear your comments about any of these herbs and recipes.
